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@incollection(LNAI2007-ahmadi,
        author="Mazda Ahmadi and Peter Stone",
        title="Instance-Based Action Models for Fast Action Planning",
        booktitle= "{R}obo{C}up-2007: Robot Soccer World Cup {XI}",
        Editor="Ubbo Visser and Fernando Ribeiro and Takeshi Ohashi and Frank Dellaert",
        Publisher="Springer Verlag",address="Berlin",year="2008",
        series="Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence",      
	volume="5001",
	pages="1--16",
        abstract={
                Two main challenges of robot action planning in real domains
                are uncertain action effects and dynamic environments.
                In this paper, an instance-based action model is learned empirically
                by robots trying actions in the environment. Modeling the 
                action planning problem as a Markov decision process, 
                the action model is used to build the transition function. 
                In static environments,
                standard value iteration techniques are used for computing 
                the optimal policy.  In dynamic environments, an algorithm is proposed
                for fast replanning, which updates a subset of state-action values
                computed for the static environment. As a test-bed, the 
                goal scoring task in the RoboCup 4-legged scenario is used.
                The algorithms are validated in the problem of planning
                kicks for scoring goals in the presence of opponent robots.
                The experimental results both in simulation
                and on real robots show that the instance-based action model boosts
                performance over using parametric models as done previously, and also
                incremental replanning significantly improves over original off-line planning.
        },
        wwwnote={<b>BEST PAPER AWARD WINNER</b> at RoboCup International Symposium.<br>Official version from <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68847-1_1">Publisher's Webpage</a>&copy Springer-Verlag},
)