@string{ASPLOS = "Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems"}
@string{CA = "International Symposium on Computer Architecture"}
@string{CC = "{SIGPLAN} Symposium on Compiler Construction"}
@string{ECOOP = "European Conference on Object Oriented Programming"}
@string{FPLCA = "{ACM} Conference on Functional Programming Languages and Computer Architecture"}
@string{IJCAI = "International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence"}
@string{IWMM = "International Workshop on Memory Management"}
@string{IWOOOS = "International Workshop on Object Orientation in Operating Systems"}
@string{LFP = "{ACM} Symposium on {LISP} and Functional Programming"}
@string{OOPSLA = "Conference on Object Oriented Programming Systems, Languages and Applications"}
@string{PARLE = "Parallel Architectures and Languages Europe"},
@string{PLDI = "{SIGPLAN} Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation"}
@string{POPL = "{ACM} Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages"}
@string{PPOPP = "{ACM SIGPLAN} Symposium on Principles and Practice of
Parallel Programming"}
@string{SIGMOD = "Proceedings of the {ACM SIGMOD} International Conference on
Management of Data"}
@string{SOSP = "Symposium on Operating Systems Principles"}
@string{STOC = "Symposium on Theory of Computation"}
@string{TLC  = "{LISP} Conference"}

@string{ai = "Artificial Intelligence"}
@string{bstj = "Bell System Technical Journal"}
@string{cacm = "Communications of the {ACM}"}
@string{compj = "Computer Journal"}
@string{clang = "Computer Languages"}
@string{csurv = "Computing Surveys"}
@string{isj = "{IBM} Systems Journal"}
@string{ieeetse = "{IEEE} Transactions on Software Engineering"}
@string{ieeetoc = "{IEEE} Transactions on Computers"}
@string{ieeecomputer = "{IEEE} Computer"}
@string{ijcm  = "International Journal of Computer Mathematics"}
@string{ipl = "Information Processing Letters"}
@string{jss = "Journal of Systems and Software"}
@string{loplas = "{ACM} Letters on Programming Languages and Systems"}
@string{lsc = "Lisp and Symbolic Computation"}
@string{siamjc = "{SIAM} J. Comput."}
@string{sigarch = "{SIGARCH} Newsletter"}
@string{sigplan = "{SIGPLAN} Notices"}
@string{spe = "Software Practice and Experience"}
@string{tocs = "{ACM} Transactions on Computer Systems"}
@string{toplas = "{ACM} Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems"}

@string{BROWN = "Brown University"}
@string{CORNELL = "Cornell University"}
@string{DECSRC = "Digital Equipment Corporation Systems Research Center"}
@string{DECWRL = "Digital Equipment Corporation Western Research Laboratory"}
@string{MIT = "Massachusetts Institute of Technology"}
@string{NYUCOUR = "Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New
York University"}
@string{OGC = "Oregon Graduate Center"}
@string{PARC = "Xerox Palo Alto Research Center"}
@string{PRINCETON = "Princeton University"}
@string{RICE = "Rice University"}
@string{SIAM = "Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics"}
@string{UCB = "University of California, Berkeley"}
@string{UCSC = "University of California at Santa Cruz"}

@string{coinstrTYPE = "{\sc Coins} Technical Report"}
@string{coinsINST = "University of Massachusetts"}
@string{coinsADDR = "Amherst, MA~01003"}

@string{AW = "Addison-Wesley"}
@string{ACM = "{ACM} Press"}
@string{ENH = "Elsevier North-Holland"}
@string{HR = "Harper and Row"}
@string{HRW = "Holt, Reinhart and Winston"}
@string{MK = "Morgan-Kaufman"}
@string{PH = "Prentice-Hall"}
@string{PP = "Pergamon Press"}
@string{SV = "Springer-Verlag"}
@string{LNCS = "Lecture Notes in Computer Science"}


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author = "S. Abraham and J. Patel",
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editor = "E. Chiricozzi and A. D'Amato",
month = sep, year = 1987,
address = "L'Aquila, Italy",
publisher = ENH,
pages = {243--246}
}

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title = "Storage Allocation in a Certain Iterative Process",
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journal = cacm,
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key = "",
pages = "43--81",
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@techreport{Ae:ISWGC,
author="J.P.H. Aerts",
title="Implementing {SASL} without Garbage Collection",
institution="Eindhoven University of Technology",
address = "The Netherlands",
type="EUT Report",
number="81--WSK--05",
year=1981}

@phdthesis{Ag:phd,
author = "Anant Agarwal",
title = "Analysis of Cache Performance for Operating Systems and
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school = "Stanford University",
address = "Palo Alto, California",
note = "Available as Technical Report CSL-TR-87-332",
month = may, year = 1987
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author = "Agarwal, Anant and Mark Horowitz and John Hennessy",
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journal = tocs,
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pages = "393--431", 
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location = "Tokyo, Japan",
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journal = jacm,
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@book{Al:AL,
author = "J. Allen",
title = "Anatomy of Lisp",
publisher = "McGraw-Hill",
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year = 1979
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@article{APW:PCS,
author = "M. Anderson and R. D. Pose and C. S. Wallace",
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@inproceedings{ALBL91,
author = "Thomas E. Anderson and Henry M. Levy and Brian N. Bershad
and Edward D. Lazowska",
title = "The Interaction of Architecture and Operating Systems
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crossref = "ASPLOS4",
key = "",
pages = "108--120"
}

@mastersthesis{An:PLP,
author = "Andre, David L.", 
title = "Paging in {L}isp Programs",
school = "University of Maryland", 
address = "College Park, Maryland",
year = 1986
}

@article{Ap:GCCBFTSA,
author = "Appel, Andrew W.",
title = "Garbage Collection Can Be Faster Than Stack Allocation",
journal = ipl,
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pages = "275--279"
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@article{Ap:RTTAN,
title = "Runtime Tags Aren't Necessary",
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@techreport{Appel:AWL,
AUTHOR = "Andrew W. Appel",
TITLE = "Allocation without Locking",
INSTITUTION = PRINCETON,
NUMBER = "CS-TR-182-88",
MONTH= sep, YEAR = 1988
}

@techreport{AB:VGC,
AUTHOR = "Andrew W. Appel and Aage Bendiksen",
TITLE = "Vectorized Garbage Collection",
INSTITUTION = PRINCETON,
NUMBER = "CS-TR-169-88",
YEAR = 1988,
MONTH = jul
}

@article{Ap:SGGCFA,
AUTHOR = "Andrew W. Appel",
TITLE = "Simple Generational Garbage Collection and Fast Allocation",
JOURNAL = spe,
VOLUME = 19, NUMBER = 2, MONTH = feb, YEAR = 1989,
PAGES ={171-183}
}

@incollection{Ap:GC,
title = "Garbage Collection",
author = "Andrew W. Appel",
booktitle = "Topics in Advanced Language Implementation",
editor = "Peter Lee",
pages = {89--100},
publisher = "{MIT} Press",
address = "Cambridge, Massachusetts",
year = 1991
}

@inproceedings{AEL:RTCGCSM,  
author = "Appel, Andrew W. and John R. Ellis and Kai Li",
title = "Real-time Concurrent Garbage Collection on Stock Multiprocessors",
crossref = "PLDI88",
key = "",
pages = "11--20",
COMMENT = "Not ``real'' real-time, but a very cool algorithm."
}

@techreport{AJ:OCER,
AUTHOR = "Andrew W. Appel and Trevor T. Y. Jim",
TITLE = "Optimizing Closure Environment Representations",
INSTITUTION = PRINCETON,
NUMBER = "CS-TR-168-88",
MONTH = jul, YEAR = 1988
}

@inproceedings{AM:SMLC,
AUTHOR = "A. W. Appel and D. B. MacQueen",
TITLE = "A Standard {ML} Compiler",
CROSSREF = "FPLCA87",
key = "",
PAGES = {301--324}
}

@inproceedings{AL:VMPUP,
title = "Virtual Memory Primitives For User Programs",
author = "Andrew W. Appel and Kai Li",
crossref = "ASPLOS4",
key = "",
pages = "96--107"       }

@inproceedings{AZ,
author = "Appel and Zhao"
}

@article{ArCS84,
author = "Archer, J. E. and R. Conway and F. B. Schneider",
title = "User Recovery and Reversal in Interactive Systems",
journal = toplas,
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pages = "1--19" }

@article{Ar:OMM,
author = "Stefan Arnborg",
title = "Optimal memory management in a system with garbage collection",
journal = "BIT",
volume = 14,
year =1974,
pages = {375--381}
}

@article{Ar:SASimula,
AUTHOR = "Stefan Arnborg",
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PAGES = {125--141}
}

@article{AN:ADO,
author = "Martin C. Atkins and Lee Nackman",
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pages = {1073--1089}
}

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title = "IDL: A machine-independent data language",
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}

@article{At:AAPP,
author = "Atkinson, M.P. and P.J. Bailey and K.J. Chisholm and P. W. Cockshott
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title = "An Approach to Persistent Programming",
journal = compj,
volume = 26,  number = 4,  month = dec, year = 1983, 
pages = "360--365"      }

@article{ACCM:AFPH,
title = "Algorithms for a persistent heap",
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@article{ACC:CMS,
title = "CMS---A Chunk Management System",
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@inproceedings{AF:CMMF,
author = "G. Attardi and T. Flagella",
title = "A Customizable Memory Management Framework",
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address = "Cambridge, Massachussetts",
year = 1994
}

@inproceedings{Au:GCDE,
        author = "Augusteijn, Lex",
        title = "{Garbage Collection in a Distributed Environment}",
        crossref = "parle87",
        key = "",
        pages = "75--93",
}

@inproceedings{Aug:ACLML,
AUTHOR = "Lennart Augustsson",
TITLE = "A Compiler for Lazy {ML}",
CROSSREF = "LFP84",
KEY = "",
PAGES = {218--227}
}

@article{Ax:RCCGFP,
title="Reference Counting of Cyclic Graphs for Functional Programs",
author="T.H. Axford",
address="Univ. Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2tt, W Midlands, England",
journal=CompJ,
volume=33, number=5, year=1990,
pages="466--470"
}

@article{BF:TLRD,
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PAGES = {1151--1159}
}

@book{Ba:DUOS,
author = "Maurice J. Bach",
title = "The Design of the Unix Operating System",
publisher = "Prentice-Hall",
address = "Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey",
year = 1986
}

@article{Ba:ARLLS,
title = "Aspects of Reference Locality in List Structures in Virtual Memory",
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journal = SPE,
volume = 3, number = 3, year = 1973,
pages = {245--254}
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@article{Ba:GCVMCS,
author = "H. D. Baecker",
title = "Garbage Collection for Virtual-Memory Computer Systems",
journal = CACM,
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pages = {981--986}
}

@article{BBB:SMIF,
author = "M. J. Bailey and M. P. Barnett and P. B. Burleson",
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journal = cacm,
volume = 7, month = jun, year = 1974,
pages = {339--346}
}

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author = "A. T. Bertziss",
title = "A Note on the Storage of Strings",
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@article{BCW:ARCDSA,
author = "B. S. Baker and Coffman, Jr., E. G. and D. E. Willard",
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journal = jacm,
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pages = {327--343}
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@misc{Baker:homepage,
author = "Henry Baker",
title = "World Wide Web home page",
note = "ftp://ftp.netcom.com/pub/hb/hbaker/home.html"
}

@article{BS:DR,  
author = "Baer, Jean-Loup and Sager, Gary R.",
title = "Dynamic Improvement of Locality in Virtual Memory Systems",
journal = ieeetse,
volume =  "SE-2", 
number = 1,  month = mar, pages = {54-62}, year = 1976
}

@article{Bake78,
author = "Baker, Jr., Henry G.",
title = "List Processing in Real Time on a Serial Computer",
journal = cacm,
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pages = "280--294"      }

@techreport{Ba:PBCLCA,
author = "Baker, Jr., Henry G.",
title = "The Paging Behavior of the {Cheney} List Copying Algorithm",
type = "Technical Report",
institution = "University of Rochester Computer Science Department",
year = 1980,
note = "Copies available from the author."
}

@unpublished{Ba90:CONS,
author = "Baker, Jr., Henry G.",
title = "{CONS} Should Not {CONS} its Arguments, or, {A} Lazy Alloc is a Smart Alloc",
year = 1990,
note = "Submitted to {\em Communications of the {ACM}}",
}

@unpublished{Ba:SafeLeakproof,
author = "Baker, Jr., Henry G.",
title = "Safe and Leakproof Resource Management Using {A}da83 Limited
Types",
note = "Unpublished",
year = 1993
}

@unpublished{Ba90:ERFO,
author = "Baker, Jr., Henry G.",
title = "Equal Rights for Functional Objects",
year = 1990,
note = "Submitted to {\em {ACM} Transactions on Programming Languages
and Systems}"
}

@inproceedings{Ba:UAC,
author = "Baker, Jr., Henry G.",
title = "Unify and Conquer: (Garbage, Updating, Aliasing \ldots) in
Functional Languages",
crossref = "LFP90",
key = "",
pages = "218--226"
}

@inproceedings{Ba:Treadmill,
author = "Baker, Jr., Henry G.",
title = "The {Treadmill}: Real-time garbage collection without motion
sickness",
crossref = "OOPSLAGC91",
note = "Position paper.  Also appears as {\em SIGPLAN Notices
27}(3):66--70, March 1992.",
key = ""
}

@inproceedings{Ba:CCCC,
author = "Baker, Jr., Henry G.",
title = "Cache-Conscious Copying Collection",
crossref = "OOPSLAGC91",
key = "",
note = "Position paper"
}

@article{Ba:BBDBPL,
author = "Baker, Jr., Henry G.",
title = "The Buried Binding and Dead Binding Problems of {L}isp 1.5:
Sources of Incomparability in Garbage Collector Measurements",
journal = "{ACM} Lisp Pointers",
volume = "V", number = 2, month = "April-June", year = 1992, 
pages = "11--19",
note = "Drafted June, 1976",
}

@article{Ba:IM,
author = "Henry G. Baker",
title = "Infant Mortality and Generational Garbage Collection",
journal = sigplan,
volume = 28, number = 4, month = apr, year = 1993,
pages = {55--57}
}

@inproceedings{BL:OPTP,
author = "Ball and Larus",
title = "Optimal Profiling and Tracing of Programs",
crossref = "POPL92",
month = jan, year = 1992,
pages = {59--70}
}

@incollection{BS:VAXS80,
TITLE = "The Design and Implementation of {VAX}/{S}malltalk-80",
AUTHOR = "Stoney Ballard and Stephen Shirron",
CROSSREF = "ST80:BHWA",
KEY = "",
COMMENT = "Use variation of Lieberman-Hewitt collector; use indirection table; don't like reference counting",
PAGES = {127--150}
}

@inproceedings{Balz69,
author = "R. M. Balzer",
title = "{EXDAMS}---Extendable Debugging and Monitoring System",
booktitle = "{AFIPS} Proceedings Spring Joint Computer Conference",
month = may, year = 1969,
publisher = "{AFIPS} Press",
address = "Arlington, Virginia",
pages = "567--580"      }

@techreport{Barb71,
author = "Barbacci, M.",
title = "A LISP Processor for {C.ai}",
institution = "Carnegie-Mellon University",
address = "Pittsburgh, PA",
type = "Memo",
number = "CMU-CS-71-103",
year = 1971
}

@inproceedings{BZ:ULPIMAP,
author = "David A. Barrett and Bejamin G. Zorn",
title = "Using Lifetime Predictors to Improve Memory Allocation Performance",
crossref = "PLDI93",
key = "",
pages = {187--196}
}

@inproceedings{BZ:GCUDTB,
author = "David A. Barrett and Benjamin G. Zorn",
title = "Garbage Collection Using a Dynamic Threatening Boundary",
crossref = "PLDI95",
key = "",
pages = {301--314}
}

@article{Barth:GCatCT,
AUTHOR = "Jeffrey M. Barth",
TITLE = "Shifting Garbage Collection Overhead to Compile Time",
JOURNAL = cacm, VOLUME = 20, NUMBER = 7, YEAR = 1977, MONTH = jul,
PAGES = {513--518}
}

@techreport{Ba:CGCAR,  
author = "Bartlett, Joel F.",
title = "Compacting Garbage Collection With Ambiguous Roots",
type = "Technical Report",
number = "88/2", 
institution = DECWRL,
address = "Palo Alto, California",
month = "February", 
COMMENT="Excellent trick here---make newness a page property, not an
  address-range property",
year = 1988     }

@techreport{Ba:MCGCPUG,
author = "Bartlett, Joel F.",
title = "Mostly-Copying Garbage Collection Picks Up Generations and
{C++}",
type = "Technical Note",
institution = DECWRL,
number = "{TN}-12", month = oct, year = 1989
}

@inproceedings{BDK:IIV,
AUTHOR = "Raymond L. Bates and David Dyer and Johannes A. G. M. Koomen",
TITLE = "Implementation of {I}nterlisp on the {VAX}",
CROSSREF = "LFP82",
KEY = "",
PAGES = {81--87}
}

@article{Ba:PBSL,
author = "Alan Batson",
title = "Program Behavior at the Symbolic Level",
journal = ieeecomputer,
month = nov, year = 1976,
pages = {21--26}
}

@article{BB:SSL,
AUTHOR = "A. P. Batson and R. E. Brundage",
TITLE = "Segment Sizes and Lifetimes in {ALGOL} 60 Programs",
JOURNAL = cacm,
VOLUME = 20, NUMBER = 1, MONTH = jan, YEAR = 1977,
PAGES = {36--44}
}

@article{BJW:MSS,
author = "A. P. Batson and S. M. Ju and D. C. Wood",
title = "Measurements of Segment Size",
journal = cacm,
volume = 13, number = 3, month = mar, year = 1970,
pages = {155--159}
}

@inproceedings{Be:DIDS,
        author = "Bennett, J.K.",
        title = "{The Design and Implementation of Distributed
                Smalltalk}", 
        crossref = "OOPSLA87",
        key = "",
        pages = "318--330"
}

@article{Ba:CNFFFBF,
author = "C. Bays",
title = "A Comparison of Next-Fit, First-Fit and Best-Fit",
journal = CACM,
volume = 20, number = 3, pages = "191--192", month = mar, year = 1977
}

@article{Be:DSATBMRT,
author = "Leland L. Beck",
title = "A Dynamic Storage Allocation Technique Based on Memory Residence Time",
journal = cacm,
volume = 25, number = 10, month = oct, year = 1982,
pages = {714--724}
}

@inproceedings{BPF:AICARS,
author = "Jeffrey C. Becker and Arvin Park and Matthew Farrens",
title = "An Analysis of the Information Content of Address Reference Streams",
year = 1991,
pages = {19--24}
}

@article{Be:AOGC,
title = "Algorithms for On-the-fly Garbage Collection",
author = "Mordechai Ben-Ari",
journal = TOPLAS,
volume = 6, number = 3, month = jul, year = 1984,
pages = {333--344}
}

@inproceedings{Be:MPDSA,
author = "V. E. Benes",
title = "Models and Problems of Dynamic Storage Allocation",
booktitle = "Applied Probability and Computer Science---the Interface",
publisher = "Institute of Management Science and Operations Research
            Society of America",
month = jan, year = 1981
}

@article{BPPR:PMH,
title = "Prefetching in a Multilevel Hierarchy",
author = "B. T. Bennett and J. H. Pomerene and T. R. Puzak and R. N. 
Rechtschaffen",
journal = "IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin",
volume = 25, number = 1, month = jun, year = 1982,
pages = {88--89}
}

@techreport{Berg88,
author = "Bergstein, Steven H.", 
title = "Best-Case Caching in a Symbolic Multiprocessor",
institution = MIT # " {EECS} Department",
month = Feb,
year = 1988,
address = "Cambridge, Massachusetts",
type = "Bachelor's thesis"
}

@techreport{BZ:Midway,
author = "Brian N. Bershad and M. J. Zekauskas",
title = "Midway: Shared Memory Parallel Programming with Entry
Consistency for Distributed Memory Multiprocessors",
institution = CMU,
number = "{CMU-CS-91-170}",
month = sep
}

@article{Be:ASAM,
title = "An Analytical Storage Allocation Model",
author = "Terry Betteridge",
journal = "Acta Informatica",
volume = 3, year = 1973,
pages = {101-122}
}

@book{Be:AASF,
author = "Terry Betteridge",
title = "An Algebraic Analysis of Storage Fragmentation",
publisher = "UMI Research Press",
address = "Ann Arbor, Michigan",
year = 1982
}

@inproceedings{Be:DGCURC,
        author = "Bevan, David I.",
        title = "{Distributed Garbage Collection Using Reference Counting}", 
        crossref = "PARLE87",
        key = "",
        pages = "176--187"
}

@article{Be:ERCSDGCP,
        author = "Bevan, David I.",
        title = "An Efficient Reference Counting Solution to the
                Distributed Garbage Collection Problem",  
        journal = "Parallel Computing",
        volume = 9,
        number = 2,
        year = 1989,
        pages = {179--192}
}

@inproceedings{BAO:PDSA,
author = "B. M. Bigler and S. J. Allan and R. R. Oldehoeft",
title = "Parallel Dynamic Storage Allocation",
booktitle = "1985 International Conference on Parallel Processing",
year = 1985,
pages = {272--275}
}

@inproceedings{Bi:EDSSLDO,
author = "Biliris, Alexandros",
title = "An Efficient Database Storage Structure for Large Dynamic
Objects",
booktitle = "Proceedings, {IEEE} Data Engineering Conference",
address = "Phoenix, Arizona",
month = feb, year = 1992,
pages = "301--308"
}

@techreport{Bi:DGCFNO,
author = "Andrew Birrel et al.",
title = "Distributed Garbage Collection for Network Objects",
institution = decsrc,
number = 116,
year = 1993
}

@phdthesis{Bishop:phd,
author = "Peter B. Bishop",
title = "Computer Systems with a Very Large Address Space and Garbage Collection",
SCHOOL = MIT # " Laboratory for Computer Science",
note = "Technical report MIT/LCS/TR-178",
MONTH = MAY, YEAR = 1977
}

@inproceedings{Blau83,
author = "Blau, Ricki",
title = "Paging on an Object-Oriented Personal Computer for {S}malltalk",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMETRICS} Conference on
Measurement and Modeling of Computer Systems",
address = "Minneapolis, Minnesota",
note = "Also available as Technical Report {UCB/CSD}
83/125, University of California at Berkeley, Computer Science
Division ({EECS}), August 1983",
month = aug,
year = 1983     }

@article{Bo:HL,
AUTHOR = "Daniel G. Bobrow",
TITLE = "A Note on Hash Linking",
JOURNAL = cacm, VOLUME = 18, NUMBER = 7, YEAR = 1975, MONTH = jul,
PAGES = {413--415}
}

@article{Bo:MRSURC,
TITLE = "Managing Reentrant Structures Using Reference Counts",
AUTHOR = "Daniel G. Bobrow",
JOURNAL = toplas,
VOLUME = 2, NUMBER = 3, MONTH = jul, YEAR = 1980,
PAGES = {269--273},
comment = "\com can handle some special cases of reference counting, but
restricts the programmer to certain stereotyped patterns."
}

@article{BC:CELS,
TITLE = "Compact Encodings of List Structure",
AUTHOR = "Daniel G. Bobrow and Douglas W. Clark",
JOURNAL = toplas,
VOLUME = 1, NUMBER = 2, MONTH = oct, YEAR = 1979,
COMMENT = "Good words on {CDR}-coding ---REJ",
PAGES =  {266--286}
}

@article{BR:CLPCL,
title = "A Comparison of List-Processing Computer Languages",
author = "Daniel G. Bobrow and Bertram Raphael",
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@inproceedings{Bo:HOSSCGC,
title = "Hardware and Operating System Support for Conservative Garbage Collection",
author = "Hans-Juergen Boehm",
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year = 1991,
month = oct,
address = "Palo Alto, California",
pages = {61--67},
publisher = "{IEEE} Press"
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@inproceedings{Bo:SECGC,
title = "Space-Efficient Conservative Garbage Collection",
author = "Hans-Juergen Boehm",
crossref = "PLDI93",
key = "",
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@misc{BMBC:GC91panel,
author = "Hans-Juergen Boehm and Eliot Moss and Joel Bartlett and David Chase",
title = "Panel Discussion: Conservative vs. Accurate Garbage Collection",
howpublished= "Summary appears in \cite{WH:GC91}",
month = oct,
year = 1991
}

@techreport{BA:IR,
AUTHOR= "Hans-Juergen Boehm and Alan Demers",
TITLE= "Implementing {R}ussell",
INSTITUTION=RICE,
NUMBER="COMP TR85-25",
YEAR=1985
}

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AUTHOR = "Hans Boehm and Lucy Hederman",
TITLE = "Storage Allocation Optimization in a Compiler for {R}ussell",
NOTE = "Submitted for publication",
YEAR = 1988,
MONTH = jul
}

@article{BW:GCIUE,  
author = "Boehm, Hans-Juergen and Mark Weiser",
title = "Garbage Collection in an Uncooperative Environment",
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pages = {807-820}
}

@inproceedings{BDS:MPGC,
AUTHOR = "Hans-J. Boehm and Alan J. Demers and Scott Shenker",
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CROSSREF = "PLDI91",
KEY = "",
PAGES= {157--164},
note = ""
}

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note = ""
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KEY = "",
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@article{Br:EIFFSDSA,
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author = "Rodney A. Brooks",
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AUTHOR = "Rodney A. Brooks and Richard P. Gabriel and Guy L. {Steele Jr.}",
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KEY = "",
PAGES = {108--113}
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@inproceedings{BZ:FIDO,
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@phdthesis{Br:thesis,
TITLE = "Recursive Structures in Computer Systems",
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MONTH = sep, YEAR = 1984
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@inproceedings{Br:CRC,
AUTHOR = "D. R. Brownbridge",
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key = "",
PAGES = {273--288},
comments={\com
Presents an interesting, but incorrect algorithm
(see [Salkild, 1987]), for cyclic reference counting
based on the notion of strong and weak (cycle-closing) pointers. ---REJ}
}

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key = "",
pages = "2--9"
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type = "Research Report",
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institution = DECSRC
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@inproceedings{CFZ:FGS,
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key = "",
pages = {200--209}
}

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pages = {247--281}
}

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author = "Caudill, Patrick J. and Allen Wirfs-Brock",
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key = "",
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note = ""
}

@misc{Caud88,
author = "Patrick J. Caudill",
note = "personal communication",
year = 1988
}

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author = "Chaiken, David and Craig Fields and Kiyoshi Kurihara and Anant
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title = "Directory-Based Cache Coherence in Large-Scale Multiprocessors",
journal = "{IEEE} Computer", 
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pages = "49--58"
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@phdthesis{Chambers:phd,
title = "The Design and Implementation of the SELF Compiler, an Optimizing Compiler for an Object-Oriented Programming Language",
author = "Craig Chambers",
school = "Stanford University",
addres = "Palo Alto, California",
month = mar, year = 1992,
}

@inproceedings{CU:C,
author = "Craig Chambers and David Ungar",
title = "Customization:  Optimizing Compiler Technology for {S}elf, a
Dynamically-Typed Object-Oriented Language",
booktitle = "Proceedings of {SIGPLAN} '89",
pages = "146--160",
year = 1989
}

@inproceedings{CU:MPOOLP,
author = "Craig Chambers and David Ungar",
title = "Making Pure Object-Oriented Languages Practical",
crossref = "OOPSLA91",
key = "",
pages = {1-15},
note = ""
}

@inproceedings{ChKa89,
author = "Ellis E. Chang and Randy H. Katz",
title = "Exploiting Inheritance and Structure Semantics for
Effective Clustering and Buffering in an Object-Oriented {DBMS}",
booktitle = SIGMOD,
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month = jun, year = 1989,
pages = {348-357}
}

@phdthesis{Chase:phd,
AUTHOR="David Chase",
TITLE="Garbage Collection and Other Optimizations",
YEAR=1987, MONTH=aug,
SCHOOL=RICE,
ADDRESS = "Houston, Texas"
}

@inproceedings{Chase:SCSAO,
AUTHOR = "David Chase",
TITLE = "Safety Considerations for Storage Allocation Optimizations",
CROSSREF = "PLDI88",
KEY = "",
PAGES= {1--10}
}

@inproceedings{CWZ:APS,
AUTHOR = "David R. Chase and Mark Wegman and F. Kenneth Zadeck",
TITLE = "Analysis of Pointers and Structures",
CROSSREF = "PLDI90",
KEY = "",
COMMENT = "Incremental Static Single Assignment form, plus heuristics
  for detecting trees, and careful treatment of evaluation order to
  preserve monotonic behavior.",
PAGES= {296--310},
note = ""
}

@inproceedings{CLLB:LSO,
author = "Jeffrey S. Chase and Henry M. Levy and Edward D. Lazowska and Miche
Baker-Harvey",
title = "Lightweight Shared Objects in a 64-bit Operating System",
crossref = "OOPSLA92",
key = "",
pages = "397--413"
}

@techreport{CLBL:HTU64AS,
author = "Jeffrey S. Chase and Henry M. Levy and Miche Baker-Harvey
and Edward D. Lazowska",
title = "How to Use a 64-bit Virtual Address Space",
institution = "University of Washington",
address = "Seattle, Washington",
number = "92-03-02",
year = 1992,
month = feb
}

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author = "T-F. Chen and J-L. Baer",
title = "A Performance Study of Software and Hardware Data PRefetching 
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pages = {223--233}
}

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AUTHOR = "C. J. Cheney",
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AUTHOR = "Thomas W. Christopher",
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MONTH = jun, YEAR = 1984,
comments={ \com
A heap management scheme for languages (such as Fortran) which do not have
this facility buit in.
Does not rely on the existance of {\it roots} in the graph.
His complex algorithm actually contains a cyclic reference count algorithm.}
}

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@article{CG:SLSL,
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COMMENT = "Great paper; evidence pro CDR-coding, con fancy CONS"
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key = "",
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}

@techreport{CK:Shade,
author = "Robert Cmelik and David Keppel",
title = "Shade: A Fast Instruction-Set Simulator for Execution Profiling",
number = "UWCSE 93-06-06",
institution = "Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, University of
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address = "Seattle, Washington",
year = 1993
}

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author = "Cockshott,  W. and M.  Atkinson and K. Chisholm and P. Bailey
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pages = "49--71"
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@article{Co:RC,
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@techreport{CWZ:PPGCOD,
author = "Jonathan E. Cook and Alexander L. Wolf and Benjamin G. Zorn",
title = "Partition Selection Policies in Object Database Garbage 
Collection",
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pages = {371--382}
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@misc{CO:APPMMS,
author = "Howard R. Courts and Donald W. Oxley",
title = "Adaptive Page Placement Memory Management System",
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Inc. of Dallas, Texas"
}

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title = "Improved Effectiveness from a Real-Time {LISP} Garbage Collector",
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key = "",
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@inproceedings{De:Grasshopper,
author = "Alan Dearle and Rex di Bona and James Farrow and Frans Henskens and Anders Lindstrom and John Rosenberg and Francis Vaughan",
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key = "",
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@inproceedings{DRHV:EOSSPOS,
author = "Alan Dearle and others",
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AUTHOR = "Ashoke Deb",
TITLE = "An efficient garbage collector for graph machines",
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NUMBER = "CS/E-84-003"
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@inproceedings{DWH:CGCGC,
author = "Demers, Alan and Mark Weiser and Barry Hayes and Daniel Bobrow
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title = "Combining Generational and Conservative Garbage Collection:
Framework and Implementations", 
crossref = "POPL90",
key = "",
pages =  "261--269"     }

@inproceedings{De:ARIC,
author = "V. Delacour",
title = "Allocation Regions and Implementation Contracts",
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@book{De:DDI,
author = "Daniel Dennett",
title = "Darwin's Dangerous Idea",
year = 1995
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@article{De:MSGCDA,
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@inproceedings{De:GCRTCL,
title = "Garbage Collection and Runtime Typing as a {C}++ Library",
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key = ""
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@techreport{De:CGCC,
title = "Concurrent garbage collection for {C}++",
author = "David L. Detlefs",
institution = "Carnegie-Mellon University",
number = "CMU-CS-90-119",
month = may, year = 1990
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@phdthesis{Detlefs:phd,
author = "David L. Detlefs",
title = "Concurrent, Atomic Garbage Collection",
school = "Dept. of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University",
month = nov, year = 1991,
address = "Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania",
note = "Technical report CMU-CS-90-177"
}

@techreport{DDZ:MAC,
author = "David Detlefs and Al Dosser and Benjamin Zorn",
title = "Memory Allocation Costs in Large {C} and {C++} Programs",
institution = "University of Colorado at Boulder, Dept. of Computer Science",
month = aug, year = 1993,
address = "Boulder, Colorado",
number = "CU-CS-665-93"
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@techreport{De:ECGCM3,
author = "John DeTreville",
title = "Experience with Concurrent Garbage Collectors for {M}odula-2+",
institution = DECSRC,
address = "Palo Alto, California",
number = 64,
month = Aug, year = 1990
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@techreport{De:HUTE,
author = "John DeTreville",
title = "Heap Usage in the {Topaz} Environment",
institution = DECSRC,
address = "Palo Alto, California",
number = 63,
month = Aug, year = 1990
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@inproceedings{De:LMVCP,
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@inproceedings{De:ODLA,
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key = "",
pages = {157--168}
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@article{DeBo76,  
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@inproceedings{DeSc84,
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crossref = "POPL84",
key = "",
pages = "297--302"
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@phdthesis{Dickman:phd,
AUTHOR = "Peter Dickman",
TITLE = "Distributed Object Management in a Non-Small Graph of Autonomous Networks With Few Failures",
SCHOOL = "University of Cambridge",
ADDRESS = "United Kingdom",
MONTH = sep, YEAR = 1991
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@unpublished{Di:OWRC,
author = "Dickman, Peter",
title = "Optimising Weighted Reference Counts for Scalable
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note = "Submitted for {HICSS} 26",
month = jun, year =  1992,
}

@article{DL:OTFGC,
AUTHOR = "Edsger W. Dijkstra and Leslie Lamport and A. J. Martin and C. S. Scholten and E. F. M. Steffens",
TITLE = "On-the-Fly Garbage Collection: An Exercise in Cooperation",
JOURNAL = cacm, VOLUME = 21, NUMBER = 11, YEAR = 1978, MONTH = nov,
COMMENT = "much overlooked algorithm, presented as more of a concurrency exercise than a garbage collector",
PAGES = {966--975}
}

@book{Di:DP,
author = "Edsger W. Dijkstra",
title = "A Discipline of Programming"
}

@incollection{Di:NSP,
author = "Edsger W. Dijkstra",
title = "Notes on Structured Programming",
booktitle = "Structured Programming",
publisher = "Academic Press",
year = 1969
}

@inproceedings{DMH:CSGC,
author = "Amer Diwan and Eliot Moss and Richard Hudson",
title = "Compiler Support for Garbage Collection in a Statically-Typed Language",
crossref = "PLDI92",
key = "",
pages = {273--282}
}

@unpublished{DTM:MSP,
author = "Amer Diwan and David Tarditi and Eliot Moss",
title ="Memory Subsystem Performance of Programs with Intensive Heap
Allocation",
month = aug, year = 1993,
note = "Submitted for publication"
}

@inproceedings{Do:CC,
author = "Fred Douglis",
title = "The Compression Cache: Using On-line Compression to Extend Physical Memory",
booktitle = "Proceedings of 1993 Winter USENIX Conference",
address = "San Diego, California",
month = jan, year = 1993,
pages = {519--529}
}

@inproceedings{DST:CTMR,
author = "S. Duvvuru and R. Sundararajan and E. Tick and A. V. S. Sastry and L. Hansen and X. Zhong",
title = "A Compile-Time Memory-Reuse Scheme for Concurrent Logic Programs",
crossref = IWMM92,
key = "",
pages = {264--276}
}

@inproceedings{DKCZ:ESDSM,
author = "S. Dwarkadas and P. Keleher and A. L. Cox and W. Zwaenpoel",
title = "An Evaluation of Software for Distributed Shared Memory for
Next-Generation Processors and Networks",
booktitle = CA,
month = jun, year = 1993
}

@inproceedings{DBE:GGBGC,
author = "R. Kent Dybvig and Carl Bruggeman and David Eby",
title = "Guardians in a Generation-Based Garbage Collector",
crossref = "PLDI93",
key = "",
pages = {207--216}
}

@article{DHB:SAS,
author = "R. Kent Dybvig and Robert Heib and Carl Bruggeman",
title = "Syntactic Abstraction in Scheme",
journal = lasc,
volume = 5, number = 4, year = 1993
}

@techreport{DEB:DSB,
author = "R. Kent Dybvig and David Eby and Carl Bruggeman",
title = "Don't Stop the {BIBOP}: Flexible and Efficient Storage
Management for Dynamically Typed Languages",
number = "400",
institution = "Indiana University Computer Science Dept.",
month = mar, year = 1994
}

@inproceedings{EL:DGC,
author = "Eckart, J.D. and R.J. LeBlanc",
title = "Distributed Garbage Collection",
crossref = "SIIT87",
key = "",
pages = "264--273"
}

@techreport{Edelson:DSRiC,
AUTHOR="Daniel Ross Edelson",
TITLE="Dynamic Storage Reclamation in {C++}",
INSTITUTION=UCSC,
NUMBER="UCSC-CRL-90-19",
MONTH = jun, YEAR=1990
}

@inproceedings{Ed:SP,
author = "Daniel Ross Edelson",
title = "Smart Pointers: They're Smart, But They're Not Pointers",
crossref = "USENIXC++92",
key = "",
pages = "1--19",
note = "Technical Report UCSC-CRL-92-27, University of California at
Santa Cruz, Baskin Center for Computer Engineering and Information
Sciences, June 1992"
}

@misc{Ed:twoPointer,
author = "Edwards",
title = "Two-Pointer Algorithm"
}

@unpublished{EHH:GCOODPE,
        author = "El-Habbash, A. and C. Horn and M. Harris",
        title = "{Garbage Collection in an Object Oriented,
                Distributed, Persistent Environment}",
note = "Position paper for {OOPSLA/ECOOP} '90 Workshop on Garbage Collection
in Object-Oriented Systems.  See \cite{JJ:GCOOS}",
month = oct, year = 1990,
}

@article{EO:APMA,
author = "C. S. Ellis and T. J. Olson",
title = "Algorithms for Parallel Memory Allocation",
journal = "International Journal of Parallel Programming",
volume = 17, number = 4, year = 1988,
pages = {303--345}
}

@techreport{ED:SEGCC,
author = "John R. Ellis and David L. Detlefs",
title = "Safe, Efficient Garbage Collection for {C}++",
institution = DECSRC,
number = 102,
comment = "Available via anonymous internet ftp from parcftp.xerox.com:/pub/ellis/gc.",
year = 1993
}

@inproceedings{ES:Loge,
author = "R. M. English and A. A. Stepanov",
title = "Loge: A Self-Organizing Disk Controller",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the Winter 1992 {USENIX} Conference",
address = "San Francisco, California",
month = jan, year = 1992,
pages = "238--252"
}

@article{ES:OLEDP,
TITLE = "An On-Line Edge-Deletion Problem",
AUTHOR = "Shimon Even and Yossi Shiloach",
JOURNAL = jacm,  VOLUME = 28, NUMBER = 1, MONTH = jan, YEAR = 1981,
PAGES = {1--4}
}

@inproceedings{EV:RTGC,
author = "Steven Engelstad and Jim Vandendorp",
title = "Automatic Storage Management for Systems with Real Time
Constraints",
crossref = "OOPSLAGC91",
key = "",
note = "Position paper"
}

@inproceedings{FP:DBRC,
AUTHOR = "Matthew Farrens and Arvin Park",
TITLE = "Dynamic Base Register Caching:  A Technique for Reducing Address Bus Width",
CROSSREF = "ISCA91",
KEY = "",
PAGES = "128--137"
}

@inproceedings{FeMi90,
author = "Feeley, Marc and James S. Miller", 
title = "A Parallel Virtual Machine for Efficient {S}cheme Compilation", 
crossref = "LFP90", 
key = "",
pages = "119--130"
}

@inproceedings{Fe:Igor,
title = "{IGOR}: A System For Program Debugging Via Reversible Execution",
author = "Stuart I. Feldman and Channing B. Brown",
crossref = "PDD88",
key = "",
pages = "112--123"
}

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author = "Robert R. Fenichel",
title = "Comment on Cheney's List-Compaction Algorithm",
journal = cacm,
volume = 14, number = 9, month = sep, year = 1971,
pages = {603--604}
}

@article{Fe:GFNUMAS,
author = "H. R. P. Ferguson",
title = "On a Generalization of the {F}ibonacci numbers useful
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journal = "The Fibonacci Quarterly",
volume = 14, number = 3, month = oct, year = 1976,
pages = {233--243}
}
 
@article{FY:LGCVMCS,
AUTHOR = "Robert R. Fenichel and Jerome C. Yochelson",
TITLE = "A {LISP} Garbage-Collector for Virtual-Memory Computer Systems",
JOURNAL = cacm, VOLUME = 12, NUMBER = 11, YEAR = 1969, MONTH = nov,
PAGES = {611--612}
}

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author = "J. S. Fenton and D. W. Payne",
title = "Dynamic Storage Allocations of Arbitrary Sized Segments",
booktitle = "Proc. IFIPS",
year = 1974,
pages = {344--348}
}

@article{Ferr76,
author = "Domenico Ferrari",
title = "The improvement of program behavior",
journal = "{IEEE} Computer",
month = Nov, year = 1976,
pages = {39-47}
}

@article{Fi:BWGC,
author = "D. A. Fisher",
title = "Bounded Workspace Garbage Collection in an Address Order-Preserving List Processing Environment",
journal = ipl,
volume = 3, year = 1974,
pages = {29--32}
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@article{Fi:CCLSLT,
author = "D. A. Fisher",
title = "Copying List Structures in Bounded Time Using Bounded Workspace",
journal = cacm,
volume = 18, number = 5, month = may, year = 1975,
pages = {251--252}
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author = "R. Ford",
title = "Concurrent algorithms for real-time memory management",
journal = "IEEE Software",
month = sep, year = 1988,
pages = {10--23}
}

@inproceedings{FW:CACCTA,
author = "I. Foster and W. Winsborough",
title = "Copy Avoidance through Compile-Time Analysis and Local Reuse",
booktitle = "International Symposium on Logic Programming",
location = "San Diego",
month = nov, year = 1991,
pages = {455--469},
publisher = mit
}

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author = "J. M. Foster",
title = "List Processing",
publisher = "MacDonald",
address = "London",
year = 1967
}

@article{Fo:DSAAC,
author = "J. A. Fotheringham",
title = "Dynamic Storage Allocation in hte Atlas Computer Including
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journal = cacm,
volume = 4,
pages = 435
}

@article{FB:AVTUSH,
author = "P. A. Franaszek and B. T. Bennett",
title = "Adaptive Variation of the Transfer Unit in a Storage Hierarchy",
journal = "IBM Journal of Research and Development",
volume = 22, number = 4, month = jul, year = 1978,
pages = {405--412}
}

@manual{Fran89,
title = "Allegro Common {L}isp Manual",
year = 1989,
organization = "Franz Inc."
}

@article{FGS:PPR,
author = "W. F. Freiburger and U. Grenander and P. D. Sampson",
title = "Patterns in Program References",
journal = "IBM Journal of Research and Development",
volume = 19, number = 3, month = may, year = 1975,
pages = {230--243}
}

@incollection{FrHK84,
author = "Friedman, D. P. and C. T. Haynes and Kohlbecker, E.",
title = "Programming With Continuations",
editor = "P. Pepper",
booktitle = "Program Transformation and Programming Environments",
pages = "263--274",
publisher = SV,
year = 1984
}

@article{FW:RCCMCE,
AUTHOR = "D. P. Friedman and D.S. Wise",
TITLE = "Reference Counting Can Manage the Circular Environments of Mutual Recursion",
JOURNAL = ipl,
VOLUME = 8, NUMBER = 1, YEAR = 1979,
PAGES = {41--45},
MONTH = Jan,
}

@article{FW:GCHWIST,
author = "Daniel P. Friedman and David S. Wise",
title = "Garbage Collecting a Heap which Includes a Scatter Table",
journal = ipl,
volume = 5, number = 6, month = dec, year = 1976,
pages = {161--164}
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@inproceedings{FP:DPMVCM,
author = "J. W. C. Fu and J. H. Patel",
title = "Data Prefetching and Multiprocessor Vector Cache 
Memories",
crossref = "ISCA91",
key = "",
pages = {54--65}
}

@inproceedings{FuMY91,
author = "Shinichi Furusou and Satoshi Matsuoka and Akinori Yonezawa",
title = "Parallel Conservative Garbage Collection with Fast Allocation",
crossref = "OOPSLAGC91",
key = "",
note = "Position paper"
}

@book{Gabr85,
author = "Richard P. Gabriel",
title = "Performance and Evaluation of {Lisp} Systems",
series = "Series in Computer Science",
publisher = "{MIT} Press",
address = "Cambridge, Massachusetts",
year = 1985
}

@article{Ga:WisB,
author = "Richard P. Gabriel",
title = "Lisp: Good News, Bad News, and How to Win Big",
journal = "A.I. Expert"
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@article{GM:DSA,
author = "S. Gai and M. Mezzalama",
title = "Dynamic Storage Allocation: Experiments Using the {C} Language",
journal = SPE,
volume = 15, number = 7, month = jul, year = 1985,
pages = {693--704}
}

@inproceedings{GGU:WCAMA,
author = "M. R. Garey and R. L. Graham and J. D. Ullman",
title = "Worst-Case Analysis of Memory Allocation Algorithms",
booktitle = "Fourth Annual ACM Symposium on the Theory of Computing",
year = 1972
}

@article{GN:AGCCFS,
author = "Garnett, N.H. and R.M. Needham",
title = "An Asynchronous Garbage Collector for the {C}ambridge File Server",
journal = "Operating Systems Review",
volume = 14, number = 4, year = 1980,
pages = "3 -6- 40",
comment = " QA 76.9 D3 O645 V.14 1980 PCL Stacks"
}

@article{Ge:TTR,
author = "E. Gelenbe",
title = "The Two-Thirds Rule for Dynamic Storage Allocation Under Equilibrium",
journal = ipl,
volume = 1, number = 2, month = jul, year = 1971,
pages = {59--60}
}

@article{GBK:MWSPS,
author = "E. Gelenbe and J. C. A. Bockhorst and J. L. W. Kessels",
title = "Minimizing Wasted Space in Partitioned Segmentation",
journal = cacm,
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}

@inproceedings{GC:HAMM,
author = "Edward Gehringer and Ellis Chang",
title = "Hardware-Assisted Memory Management",
note = "Position paper",
crossref = "OOPSLAGC93",
key = ""
}

@inproceedings{GJSO:SFS,
author = "David K. Gifford and Pierre Jouvelot and Mark A. Sheldon and 
O'Toole, Jr., James W.",
title = "Semantic File Systems",
crossref = "SOSP91",
key = "",
pages = {16--25}
}

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author = "B. S. Gindele",
title = "Buffer Block Prefetching Method",
journal = "IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin",
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pages = {696--697}
}

@article{GT:LGC,
author = "H. W. Glaser and P. Thompson",
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pages = {1--4}
}

@inproceedings{Go:GRC,
AUTHOR = "Benjamin Goldberg",
TITLE = "Generational Reference Counting: A Reduced-Communication
  Distributed Storage Reclamation Scheme",
CROSSREF = "PLDI89",
KEY = "",
PAGES= {313--320}
}

@inproceedings{Go:TFGC,
AUTHOR = "Benjamin Goldberg",
TITLE = "Tag-free Garbage Collection for Strongly-Typed Programming Languages",
CROSSREF = "PLDI91",
KEY = "",
PAGES= {165--176},
NOTE = ""
}

@inproceedings{GoGa88,
author = "Goldman, Ron and Richard P. Gabriel", 
title = "Preliminary Results With the Initial Implementation of {Q}lisp",
crossref = "LFP88",
key = "",
pages = "143--152"
}

@inproceedings{GH:DPA,
author = "R.P. Goldberg and R. Hassinger",
title = "The Double Paging Anomaly",
booktitle = "{AFIPS} National Computer Conference",
month = May, year = 1974,
pages = {195--199}
}

@inproceedings{GA:CPFAP,
author = "Marcelo J. R. Goncalves and Andrew W. Appel",
title = "Cache Performance of Fast-Allocating Programs",
booktitle = "FPCA '95",
year = 1995
}

@techreport{GW:PUBA,
author = "A. Gottlieb and J. Wilson",
title = "Parallelizing the Usual Buddy Algorithm",
institution = "Courant Institute, New York University",
number = "System Software Note 37",
year = 1982
}

@unpublished{Gr:TR,
author = "R. L. Graham",
note = "Unpublished technical report on worst-case analysis of memory
        allocation algorithms, Bell Labs"
}

@incollection{Gr:LispMachine,
title = "The {LISP} Machine",
author = "Richard Greenblatt",
booktitle = "Interactive Programming Environments",
publisher = "McGraw Hill",
editor = "D.R. Barstow and H.E. Shrobe and E. Sandewall",
year = 1984
}

@techreport{Gr:Moby,
author = "Richard Greenblatt",
title = "Unpublished Technical report on the {M}oby address space",
institution = "Lisp Machines, Incorporated"
}

@mastersthesis{Gr:MPADC,
title = "Multiple Prefetch Adaptive Disk Caching with Strategic Data Layout",
author = "Knut S. Grimsrud",
school = "Brigham Young University",
month = dec, year = 1989
}

@book{Gris83,
author = "Ralph E. Griswold and Madge T. Griswold",
title = "The {Icon} Programming Language",
publisher = "Prentice-Hall, Inc.",
address = "Englewood Cliffs, NJ",
year = 1983
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@book{GG:IIPL,
author = "Ralph E. Griswold and Madge T. Griswold",
title = "The Implementation of the Icon Programming Language",
publisher = "Princeton University Press",
address = "Princeton, New Jersey",
year = 1986}

@article{GP:DITEOMS,
AUTHOR = "Dale H. Grit and Rex L. Page",
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PAGES = {49--59}
}

@inproceedings{GZH:ICLMA,
author = "Dirk Grunwald and Benjamin Zorn and Robert Henderson",
title = "Improving the Cache Locality of Memory Allocation",
crossref = "PLDI93",
key = "",
pages = {177--186}
}

@article{GZ:CM,
author = "Dirk Grunwald and Benjamin Zorn",
title = "Custo{M}al\-loc: Efficient Synthesized Memory Allocators",
journal = spe,
volume = 23, number = 8, month = aug, year = 1993,
pages = {851--869}
}

@techreport{Gu:RTIDTL,
author = "David Gudeman",
title = "Representing Type Information in Dynamically-Typed Languages",
year = 1993,
number = "TR93-27",
institution = "University of Arizona, Department of Computer Science",
address = "Tucson, Arizona"
}

@inproceedings{HMT:TSLS,
AUTHOR = "Joseph Y. Halpern and Albert R. Meyer and B. A. Trakhtenbrot",
TITLE = "The Semantics of Local Storage, or What Makes the Free-List Free?",
PAGES = {245--257},
CROSSREF = "POPL84",
key = "",
}

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author = "R. Halstead",
title = "Parallel Symbolic Computing",
journal = "{IEEE} Computer",
volume = 19, number = 8, month = aug, year = 1986,
pages = "35--43"
}

@unpublished{HBH:SYC,
authors = "K. Hammond and G. L. Burn and D. B. Howe",
title = "Spiking Your Caches",
note = "Glasgow University",
year = 1994
}

@article{Ha:CLR,
AUTHOR = "Wilfred J. Hansen",
TITLE = "Compact List Representation: Definition, Garbage Collection, and System Implementation",
JOURNAL = cacm,
VOLUME = 12, NUMBER = 9, MONTH = sep, YEAR = 1969,
PAGES = {499--507}
}

@article{Ha:FADMBOL,
AUTHOR = "David R. Hanson",
TITLE = "Fast Allocation and Deallocation of Memory Based on Object Lifetimes",
journal = spe,
volume = 20, number = 1, month = jan, year= 1990
}

@article{Ha:SMIS,
title = "Storage Management for an Implementation of SNOBOL4",
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journal = SPE,
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pages = {179--192}
}

@article{Ha:TAL,
title = "Turing Award Lecture: On Computational Complexity and the Nature
         of Computer Science",
author = "Juris Hartmanis",
journal = csurv,
volume = 27, number = 1, month = mar, year = 1995,
pages = {7--16}
}

@inproceedings{HJ:Purify,
author = "Reed Hastings and Bob Joyce",
title = "Purify: Fast Detection of Memory Leaks and Access Errors",
crossref = "USENIXW92",
key = "",
pages = {125--136},
}

@inproceedings{HaFW84,
author = "Haynes, C. T. and Friedman, D. P. and Wand, M.",
title = "Continuations and Coroutines",
crossref = "LFP84",
key = "",
pages = "293--298"      }

@inproceedings{Ha:KOO,
author = "Barry Hayes",
title = "Using Key Object Opportunism to Collect Old Objects",
crossref = "OOPSLA91",
key = "",
pages = {33-46},
note = ""
}

@inproceedings{Ha:FGCI,
author = "Barry Hayes",
title = "Finalization in the Garbage Collector Interface",
crossref = "IWMM92",
key = "",
pages = "277--298"
}

@phdthesis{Ha:phd,
author = "Barry Hayes",
title = "Key Objects in Garbage Collection",
school = "Standford University",
month = mar, year = 1993
}

@mastersthesis{He:mthesis,
TITLE = "Compile time Garbage Collection",
AUTHOR = "Lucy Hederman",
SCHOOL = "Rice University",
ADDRESS = "Houston, Texas",
YEAR = 1988,
}

@article{HeKl85, 
author = "Heering, J. and P.  Klint",
title = "Towards Monolingual Programming Environments",
journal = toplas,
volume = 7, number = 2, month = apr, year = 1985, 
pages =  "183--213"
}

@article{HS:AGFN,
author = "V. C. Harris and C. C. Styles",
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}

@phdthesis{Hendren:phd,
AUTHOR="Laurie J. Hendren",
TITLE="Parallelizing Programs with Recursive Data Structures",
YEAR=1990, MONTH=apr,
COMMENT = "Not about memory allocation per se, but the analysis is
  useful for that application",
SCHOOL=CORNELL,
ADDRESS = "Ithaca, New York"
}

@unpublished{He:RTGC,
author = "Wade Hennessey",
title = "Real-Time Garbage Collection in a Multimedia Programming
Language",
crossref = "OOPSLAGC93",
month = dec, year = 1993
}

@inproceedings{HM:TM,
title = "Transactional Memory: Architectural Support for 
Lock-Free Data Structures",
author = "Maurice Herlihy and J. Eliot B. Moss",
crossref = "ISCA93",
key = "",
pages = {289--300}
}

@article{LH:ASDSA,
author = "B. W. Leverett and P. G. Hibbard",
title = "An adaptive system for dynamic storage allocation",
journal = SPE,
volume = 12, number = 6, month = jun, year = 1982, 
pages = {543--556}
}

@article{HC:PAOFGC,
AUTHOR = "Tim Hickey and Jacques Cohen",
TITLE = "Performance Analysis of On-the-Fly Garbage Collection",
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PAGES = {1143--1154}
}

@article{Hill88,
author = "Hill, Mark D.",
title = "A Case for Direct-Mapped Caches", 
journal = "{IEEE} Computer", 
volume = 21,  number = 12, month = Dec, year = 1988,
pages = "25--40"        }


@article{HS:EACC,
author = "Hill, Mark D. and Alan Jay Smith", 
title = "Evaluating Associativity in {CPU} Caches", 
journal = "{IEEE} Transactions on Computers", 
volume = 38, number = 12, month = Dec, year = 1989, 
pages = "1612--1629"    }

@article{Hi:ALASBBS,
author = "J. A. Hinds",
title = "An Algorithm for Locating Adjacent Storage Blocks in the Buddy System",
journal = cacm,
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pages = {221--222}
}

@article{Hi:CDMAA,
author = "D. S. Hirschberg",
title = "A Class of Dynamic Memory Allocation Algorithms",
journal = cacm,
month = oct, year = 1973, volume = 16, number = 10,
pages = {615--618}
}

@article{Ho:OSSGC,
author = "C. A. R. Hoare",
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volume = 2, year = 1974,
pages = {165--166}
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@article{Ho:DiskSched,
author = "M. Hofri",
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journal = CACM,
volume = 23, number = 11, month = nov, year = 1980, 
pages = {645--653}
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@inproceedings{UCH:DOCDD,
author = {Urs H\"{o}lzle and Craig Chambers and David Ungar},
title = "Debugging Optimized Code with Dynamic Deoptimization",
crossref = "PLDI92",
key = "",
pages = {32--43}
}

@inproceedings{Ho:WB,
author = {Urs H\"{o}lzle},
title = "A Fast Write Barrier for Generational Garbage Collectors",
crossref = "OOPSLAGC93",
key = "",
note = "Position paper"
}

@article{Ho:PORKDSA,
author = "Anatol W. Holt",
title = "Program Organization and Record Keeping for Dynamic Storage
        Allocaton",
journal = cacm,
volume = 4, number = 10, month = oct, year = 1961
}
 
@article{HH:ADDPP,
title = "Analysis and Development of Demand Prepaging Policies",
author = "R. Nigel Horspool and Ronald M. Huberman",
journal = "Journal of Systems and Software", 
volume = 7, year = 1987,
pages = "183-194"       }


@InProceedings{HMS:CPEWBI,
author = "Antony L. Hosking and J. Eliot B. Moss and Darko Stefanovi{\'c}",
title = "A Comparative Performance Evaluation of Write Barrier Implementations",
crossref = "OOPSLA92",
key = "",
pages = "92--109"
}

@inproceedings{HM:PT,
title = "Protection Traps and Alternatives for Memory Management of an
Object-Oriented Language",
author =  "Antony L. Hosking and J. Eliot B. Moss",
crossref = "SOSP93",
pages = {106--119}
}

@inproceedings{HPR:DAPV,
author = "Horwitz, Susan and P. Pfeiffer and T. Reps",
title = "Dependence Analysis For Pointer Variables",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the {SIGPLAN} '89 " # CC,
month = jun, year = 1989,
note = "Published as {\em {SIGPLAN} Notices 24}(7)."
}

@inproceedings{HH:RSCAPC,
author = "Antony Hosking and Richard Hudson",
title = "Remembered Sets Can Also Play Cards",
crossref = "OOPSLAGC93",
year = 1993
}

@inproceedings{HB:AUPFPS,
AUTHOR = "Paul Hudak and Adrienne Bloss",
TITLE = "The Aggregate Update Problem in Functional Programming Systems",
PAGES = {300--314},
CROSSREF = "POPL84",
key = ""
}

@inproceedings{Hu:SMRCA,
AUTHOR = "Paul Hudak",
TITLE = "A Semantic Model of Reference Counting and its Abstraction",
CROSSREF = "LFP86",
KEY = "",
PAGES = {351--363}
}

@phdthesis{Hudak:phd,
author = "Hudak, P.",
title = "Object and Task Reclamation in Distributed Applicative Processing Systems",
school = "University of Utah",
address = "Salt Lake City, Utah",
month = jul, year = 1982
}

@techreport{Hu:DGM,
author = "Hudak, P.",
title = "Distributed Graph Marking",
institution = "Yale University",
month = jan, year = 1983,
type = "Research Report",
number = 268
}

@article{HL:NLCM,
author = "Kai Li and Paul Hudak",
title = "A New List Compaction Method",
journal = SPE,
volume = 16,
number = 2,
month = feb,
year = 1986
}

@inproceedings{HK:GCTD,
author = "Hudak, P. and R.M. Keller",
title = "Garbage Collection and Task Deletion in Distributed Applicative Processing Systems",  
crossref = "LFP82",
key = "",
pages = "168 -- 178",
}

@inproceedings{HK:CBC,
AUTHOR = "Paul Hudak and David Kranz",
TITLE = "A Combinator-based Compiler for a Functional Language",
PAGES = {121--132},
CROSSREF = "POPL84",
key = ""
}

@TechReport{HMDW:LIGCT,
author = "Richard L. Hudson and J. Eliot B. Moss and Amer Diwan and Christopher F. Weight",
title = "A Language-Independent Garbage Collector Toolkit",
month = sep, year = 1991,
number = "91-47",
type = coinstrTYPE,
institution = coinsINST,
address = coinsADDR
}

@inproceedings{HM:ICMO,
author =  "Richard L. Hudson and J. Eliot B. Moss",
title =  "Incremental collection of mature objects",
crossref = "IWMM92",
key = "",
pages = "388--403"
}

@inproceedings{HL:CCGC,
author = "Lorenz Huelsbergen and James R. Larus",
title = "A Concurrent Copying Garbage Collector for Languages that Distinguish (Im)mutable Data",
crossref = "PPoPP93",
key = "",
pages = {73--82}
}

@techreport{Hu:RCCSVM,
author="R. John M. Hughes",
title="Reference Counting with Circular Structures in Virtual Memory
Applicative Systems",
institution="Programming Research Group, Oxford University",
address = "United Kingdom",
type = "Departmental Research Report",
year = 1982
}

@inproceedings{Hu:DGCA,
AUTHOR = "John Hughes",
TITLE = "A Distributed Garbage Collection Algorithm",
CROSSREF = "FPLCA85",
key = "",
PAGES = {256--272}
}

@misc{IYDGCUGRC,
author = "Ichisuki, Yuuji and Akinori Yonezawa",
title = "Distributed Garbage Collection Using Group Reference Counting",
howpublished= "Position paper for {OOPSLA/ECOOP} '90 Workshop on Garbage
Collection in Object-Oriented Systems. Summary appears in
\cite{JJ:GCOOS}",
note = "Available by anonymous Internet {FTP} from ftp.diku.dk
(129.142.96.1) in pub/GC90",
month = oct, year = 1990
}

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author = "J. K. Iliffe and J. G. Jodeit",
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AUTHOR = "Katsuro Inoue and Hiroyuki Seki and Hikaru Yagi",
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PAGES = {555--578}
}

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@phdthesis{Iy:phd,
author = "Arun Iyengar",
title = "Dynamic Storage Allocation on a Multiprocessor", 
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note = "Technical Report MIT/LCS/TR-560",
year = 1992
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@inproceedings{Iy:PDSAA,
author = "Arun K. Iyengar",
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year = 1993
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key = "",
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author = "D. S. Johnson and A. Demers and J. D. Ullman and M. R. Garey
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pages = {46--58}
}

@article{JS:PBMM,
author = "T. Johnson and D. Sasha",
title = "Parallel Buddy Memory Management",
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}

@inproceedings{TD:SEPBMM,
author = "Theodore Johnson and Tim Davis",
title = "Space Efficient Parallel Buddy Memory Management",
year = 1992
}

@techreport{Jo:CFFMM,
title = "A Concurrent Fast Fits Memory Manager",
author = "Theodore Johnson",
institution = "University of Florida",
number = "91-009",
year = 1991
}

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author = "Niels Christian Juul and Eric Jul",
title = "Workshop Report: Garbage Collection in Object-Oriented Systems",
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key = "",
pages = "35--41"
}

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key = "",
pages = "103--115"
}

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CROSSREF="POPL82", 
key = "",
PAGES={66--74}
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author="Richard E. Jones and Rafael D. Lins",
title="Cyclic Weighted Reference Counting without Delay",
institution="University of Kent, Canterbury",
address = "United Kingdom",
number="28--92",
month=Dec, year=1992,
comments={\com Improves on [Lins and Jones, 1991] by allowing processors to
continue to perform useful work in all circumstances.}
}

@inproceedings{JM:CTCGSA,
AUTHOR = "Simon B. Jones and Daniel Le Metayer",
TITLE = "Compile-time garbage collection by sharing analysis",
crossref = "FPCA89",
key = "",
pages = {54--74}
}

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crossref = "ISCA90",
key = "",
pages = "364--373"      }

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title = "Adaptive Storage Management for Very Large Virtual/Real 
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author = "T. Kagimasa and K. Takahashi and S. Yoshizumi",
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key = "",
pages = {372--379}
}

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author = "Kaehler, T.",  
title = "Virtual Memory For an Object-Oriented Language",
journal = "Byte",
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@misc{Kaeh86,
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@mastersthesis{Katz86,
author = "M. J. Katz",
title = "{ParaTran}:  A Transparent, Transaction Based Runtime
Mechanism For Parallel Execution of {Scheme}",
school = MIT,
month = jun,
year = 1986     }

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month = may
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@unpublished{Kels90,
author = "Kelsey, Richard",
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year = 1993,
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author = "Kessler, Richard and Richard Jooss and Alvin Lebeck and Mark D.
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AUTHOR = "Richard Kieburtz",
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CROSSREF = "FPLCA85",
key = ""
}

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author = "A. C. Klaiber and H. M. Levy",
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key = "",
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}

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author = "Knight, Tom",
title = "An Architecture for Nearly Functional Languages",
crossref = "LFP86",
key = "",
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author = "Donald E. Knuth",
title = "Unpublished Class Notes on Garbage Collection",
year = 1981
}

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title = "Cache Coherence and Storage Management in a Persistent Object System",
author = "B. Koch and T. Schunke and A. Dearle and F. Vaughan and C. Marlin and R. Fazekerley and C. Barter",
crossref = "POS4",
key = "",
pages = {99--109}
}

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author = "P. D. L. Koch",
title = "Disk File Allocation Based on the Buddy System",
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pages = "352-370"
}

@inproceedings{Ko:AIGC,
author = "Elliot Kolodner",
title = "Atomic incremental garbage collection and recovery for large stable heap",
crossref  = "POS4",
key = "",
pages = "185--198"
}

@techreport{KLCE:PLB,
AUTHOR = "Eric J. Koldinger and Henry M. Levy and Jeffrey S. Chase and Susan J. Eggers",
TITLE = "The Protection Lookaside Buffer: Efficient Protection for Single-Address Space Computers",
NUMBER = "91-11-05",
MONTH = Nov, YEAR = 1991,
INSTITUTION = "Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington",
ADDRESS = "Seattle, Washington"
}

@article{KLS:CPCGR,
author = "Koopman, Jr., Phillip J. and Peter Lee and Daniel P. Siewiorek",
title = "Cache Performance of Combinator Graph Reduction",
journal = toplas,
volume = 14, number = 2, month = apr, year = 1992,
pages = {265--297}
}

@inproceedings{KV:ISBM,
title = "In Search of a Better Malloc",
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key = "",
pages = {489--506}
}

@techreport{KSA:GCDSMS,
author = "Kordale, Rammohan and John Shilling and Mustaque Ahamad",
title = "Garbage Collection in Distributed Shared Memory Systems",
institution = "Georgia Institute of Technology",
number = "GIT-CC-92/45",
year = 1992
}

@inproceedings{KKRHP:Orbit,
author = "Kranz, David A. and Richard Kelsey and Jonathan Rees and Paul Hudak and James Philbin and Norman Adams",
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booktitle = CC, 
month = jun,  year = 1986, 
note = "Published as {\em ACM SIGPLAN Notices 21}(7), July 1986",
address = "Palo Alto, California",
pages =  "219--233"     }

@phdthesis{Kranz:phd,
author = "David A. Kranz",
title = "{ORBIT}:  An Optimizing Compiler For {S}cheme",
school = "Yale University",
address = "New Haven, Connecticut",
month = feb, year = 1988,
}

@inproceedings{KrHM89,                       
author = "Kranz, David A. and Robert H. Halstead and Eric Mohr",
title = "{M}ul-{T}: A High-Performance Parallel {L}isp",
crossref = "PLDI89",
key = "",
pages = "81--90"
}

@book{ST80:BHWA,
TITLE = "Smalltalk-80: Bits of History, Words of Advice",
EDITOR = "Glenn Krasner",
PUBLISHER = AW,
YEAR = 1983
}

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author = "Saul A. Kripke",
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year = 1972
}

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year = 1970
}

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}

@inproceedings{KS:EPGCS,
author = "H.T. Kung and S.W. Song",
title = "An Efficient Parallel Garbage Collection System and its Correctness Proof",
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year = 1977,
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address = "Providence, Rhode Island",
pages = {120--131}
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@inproceedings{Lam:CPOBA,
author = "Monica S. Lam and others",
title = "The Cache Performance and Optimizations of Blocked Algorithms",
crossref = "ASPLOS4",
key = "",
pages = "63--74"
}

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author = "Charles Lamb and Gordon Landis and Jack Orenstein and Dan Weinreb",
title = "The {ObjectStore} Database System",
journal = cacm,
year = 1991, volume = 34, number = 10, month = oct,
pages = {50--63}
}

@inproceedings{LD:IICGC,
author =  "Bernard Lang and Francis Dupont",
title =  "Incremental Incrementally Compacting Garbage Collection",
crossref = "SIIT87",
key = "",
pages =  "253--263"
}

@inproceedings{LQP:GCTW,
author =  "Bernard Lang and Christian Queinnec and Jos\'e Piquer",
title =  "Garbage Collecting the World",
booktitle =  "{ACM} Symposium on Principles of Programming",
year = 1992,
pages = "39--50",
address = "Albuquerque, New Mexico",
month = jan,
ecritsdIcsla = 6,
abstract = "Distributed symbolic computations involve the existence of 
{\em remote references} allowing an object, local to a processor, to
designate another object located on another processor. To reclaim
inaccessible objects is the non trivial task of a distributed Garbage
Collector (GC).  We present in this paper a new distributed GC algorithm
which
\begin{localenumerate}
\item is fault-tolerant,
\item is largely independent of how a processor garbage collects its
      own data space,
\item does not need centralized control nor global stop-the-world
      synchronization,
\item allows for multiple concurrent active GCs,
\item does not require to migrate objects from processor to processor and
\item eventually reclaims all inaccessible objects including
      distributed cycles.
\end{localenumerate}

These results are mainly obtained through the concept of a {\em group}
of processors (or processes).
 Processors of a same group cooperate together to a GC inside this group;
this GC is conservative with respect to the outside of the group.
 A processor contributes to the global GC of all groups to which it
belongs. Garbage collection on small groups reclaims quickly locally
distributed garbage clusters, while garbage collection on large groups
ultimately reclaims widely distributed garbage clusters, albeit more
slowly.
 Groups can be reorganized dynamically, in particular to tolerate
failures of some member processors.
 These properties make the algorithm usable on very large and evolving
networks of processors.
 Other than distributed symbolic computations, possible applications
include for example distributed file or database systems."
}

@article{Lars77,
author = "R. G. Larson",
title = "Minimizing Garbage Collection as a Function of Region Size",
journal = "{SIAM} Journal on Computing",
volume = 6, number = 4, month = dec, year = 1977,
pages = "663--667"
}

@techreport{Lee:msthesis,
author = "Lee, Elgin Hoe-Sing", 
title = "Object Storage and Inheritance for {SELF}, a Prototype-Based Object-Oriented Programming Language",
institution = "Stanford University",
address = "Palo Alto, California",
month = dec, year = 1988,
type = "Engineer's thesis"
}

@techreport{LYL:DPSMM,
author = "R. L. Lee and P.-C. Yew and D. H. Lawrie",
title = "Data Prefetching in Shared Memory Multiprocessors",
institution = "Center for Supercomputing Research and Development, 
University of Illinois",
number = "CSRD 639",
year = 1987,
month = jan
}

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author = "G. B. Leeman",
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publisher = "{IEEE} Computer Society Press",
year = 1985,
pages = "410--415"      }

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author = "G. B. Leeman",
title = "A Formal Approach to Undo Operations in Programming
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pages = "50--87"        }

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year = 1986,
pages = {343--350}
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TITLE = "Capability-Based Computer Systems",
PUBLISHER = "Digital Press",
ADDRESS = "Bedford, Massachusetts",
YEAR = 1984
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title = "Incremental Multi-Threaded Garbage Collection on Virtually
Shared Memory Architectures",
author = "Le Sergent, Thierry and Bernard Berthomieu",
crossref = "IWMM92",
key = "",
pages = {179--199}
}

@inproceedings{Le:EDGCA,
author = "Lester, David",
title = "An Efficient Distributed Garbage Collection Algorithm",
crossref = "PARLE89",
key = "",
page = "207--223"
}

@phdthesis{Li:phd,
title = "Shared Virtual Memory on Loosely-Coupled Processors",
author = "Kai Li",
school = "Yale University",
address = "New Haven, Connecticut",
year = 1986
}

@inproceedings{LP:EMSE,
author = "Kai Li and Karin Petersen",
title = "Evaluation of Memory System Extensions",
crossref = "ISCA91",
key = "",
pages = {84--95}
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author = "Henry Lieberman and Carl Hewitt",
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pages = "419--429"      }

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pages = {47--51}
}

@inproceedings{LL:GCDH,
AUTHOR = "Rivka Ladin and Barbara Liskov",
TITLE = "Garbage Collection of a Distributed Heap",
BOOKTITLE = "Principles of Distributed Computing",
YEAR = 1992,
PAGES = {708--715}
}

@inproceedings{LMV:MMPTSM,
author = "K. G. Langendoen and H. L. Muller and W. G. Vree",
title = "Memory Management for Parallel Tasks in Shared Memory",
crossref = "IWMM92",
key = "",
pages = "165--178"
}

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author = "James R. Larus and Paul N. Hilfinger",
title = "Detecting Conflicts Between Record Accesses",
crossref = "PLDI88",
key = "",
pages = "21--34"
}

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author = "James R. Larus",
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pages = {1241--1258}
}

@article{LeB:DEWLBS,
author = "T. Paul Lee and R. E. Barkley",
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journal = "Performance Evaluation Review",
volume = 17, number = 1, month = may, year = 1989
}

@inproceedings{LSS:DMASMIF,
author = "T. G. Lewis and B. J. Smith and M. Z. Smith",
title = "Dynamic Memory Allocation Systems for Minimizing Internal Fragmentation",
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month = nov, year = 1974,
pages = {725--728}
}

@inproceedings{LL:HADSFTDGC,
author = "Barbara Liskov and Rivka Ladin",
title = "Highly-available distributed services and fault- tolerant distributed garbage collection",
booktitle = "Fifth {ACM} Symposium on the Principles of Distributed Computing",
pages = {29-39},
year = 1989
}

@phdthesis{Llames:phd,
author = "Rene Llames",
title = "Performance Analysis of Garbage Collection and Dynamic
Reordering in a {L}isp System",
school = "Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois",
address = "Champaign-Urbana, Illinois",
year = 1991
}

@techreport{Li:CRCLMS,
author="Rafael D. Lins",
title="Cyclic Reference Counting with Lazy Mark-Scan",
institution="University of Kent, Canterbury",
address = "United Kingdom",
number=75,
month= jun, year=1990,
note="To appear in {\em Information Processing Letters}",
comments={\com Optimises [Martinez {\em et al}, 1990]. 
Author claims improvements make this efficient.}
}

@techreport{LV:CSACRC,
author="Rafael D. Lins and M\'{a}rcio A. Vasques",
title="A Comparative Study of Algorithms for Cyclic Reference Counting",
institution="University of Kent, Canterbury",
address = "United Kingdom",
number=92,
month= aug, year = 1991,
note="Submitted to {\em Software Practice and Experience}",
comments={\com Compares the performance of [Martinez {\em et al}, 1990] and
several control strategies of [Lins, 1990].
Also extends [Glaser and Thompson, 1987] to work with cyclic structures.}
}

@article{Li:SMAPCRC,
author="Rafael D. Lins",
title="A Shared Memory Architecture for Parallel Cyclic Reference
Counting",
journal="Microprocessing and Microprogramming",
volume=34,
pages="31--35",
publisher="North-Holland",
month = Sep, year = 1991,
comments={\com Describes a shared memory architecture based on
reference counting algorithms described in [Martines {\et al}, 1990] and
[Lins, 1990]}
}

@techreport{LJ:CWRC,
author="Rafael D. Lins and Richard E. Jones",
title="Cyclic Weighted Reference Counting",
institution="University of Kent, Canterbury",
address = "United Kingdom",
number=95,
month = dec, year = 1991,
comments={\com Allows weighted reference counting
[Bevan, 1987; Watson and Watson, 1987] to work with cyclic structures.
Based on algorithms described in [Martines {\et al}, 1990] and [Lins, 1990]}
}

@article{Li:MSMAPCRC,
author="Rafael D. Lins",
title="A Multi-processor Shared Memory Architecture for Parallel
Cyclic Reference Counting",
journal="Microprocessing and Microprogramming",
volume=35, month=Sep, year=1992,
pages="563--568",
publisher="North-Holland",
comments={\com Generalises the architecture presented in [Lins, 1991a].}
}

@book{MLAR,
editor = "Pattie Maes and Daniele Nardi",
title = "Meta-Level Architectures and Reflection",
publisher = "North-Holland",
address = "Amsterdam",
year = 1988
}

@article{Ma:PSA,
author = "R. J. Maher",
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pages = {421--422}
}

@mastersthesis{Ma:DGCCSTS,
author = "U. Maheshwari",
title = "Distributed Garbage Collection in a Client-Server Transaction System",
school = MIT # " {EECS} Department",
year = 1992
}

@article{Ma:Stacker,
author = "John Markoff",
title = "Double Hard Disk Capacity, Through Software",
journal = "New York Times",
month = feb, year = 1992
}

@inproceedings{MG:EOSSOOE,
title = "Extending the Operating System to Support an Object-Oriented Environment",
author = "Jose Alves Marques and Paulo Guedes",
crossref = "OOPSLA89",
key = "",
pages = {113--122}
}

@inproceedings{MRV:CGCDOS,
author = "Mancini, Luigi V. and Vittoria Rotella and Simonetta Venosa",
title = "Copying Garbage Collection for  Distributed Object Stores",
booktitle = "10th Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems",
address = "Pisa, Italy",
month = sep, year = 1991
}

@article{MS:FTRC,
author = "Mancini, Luigi and S. K. Shrinivastava",
title = "Fault-tolerant Reference Counting for Garbage Collection in Distributed Systems",
journal = compj,
volume = 34, number = 6, month = dec, year = 1991,
pages = {503--513}
}

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@book{Ma:Vision,
author = "David Marr",
title = "Vision",
publisher = "Freeman",
address = "New York",
year = 1982
}

@incollection{MA:A68GC,
TITLE = "An {ALGOL} 68 Garbage Collector",
AUTHOR = "S. Marshall",
CROSSREF = "Peck71",
KEY = "",
PAGES = {239--243}
}

@article{Ma:EGCA,
AUTHOR = "Johannes J. Martin",
TITLE = "An Efficient Garbage Compaction Algorithm",
JOURNAL = cacm, VOLUME = 25, NUMBER = 8, MONTH = aug, YEAR = 1982,
PAGES = {571--581}
}

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author="A.D. Martinez and R. Wachenchauzer and Rafael D. Lins",
title="Cyclic Reference Counting with Local Mark-Scan",
journal=ipl,
volume = 34, year = 1990,
pages="31--35",
comments={\com
Presents a general garbage collection algorithm based on
reference counting, which deals with cyclic data structures, and proves its
correctness. Very inefficient.}
}

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author = "R. L. Mattson and J. Gecsei and D. R. Slutz and I. L. Traiger",
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author = "J. Harold McBeth",
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pages = {575}
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@article{McC:RFSECM,
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pages = {184--195}
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@book{Mc:EC,
author = "Ronald McClamrock",
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year = 1995
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@article{Mc:MTLAR,
author = "Ronald McClamrock",
title = "Marr's Three Levels: a Re-evaluation",
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@book{MAEHL:Lisp,
author = "J. McCarthy and P. W. Abrahams and D. J. Edwards and M. I. Levin",
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author = "M. D. McIlroy",
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author = "William J. McIver and Roger King",
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crossref = "SIGMOD94",
pages = {407--418}
}

@inproceedings{MS:EKMASMM,
author = "Paul E. McKenney and Jack Slingwine",
title = "Efficient Kernel Memory Allocation on Shared-Memory 
Multiprocessors",
crossref = "USENIXW93",
booktitle = "{USENIX} 1993 Winter Technical Conference",
key = ""
}

@inproceedings{MK:DGPMA,
author = "Marshall Kirk McKusick and Michael J. Karels",
title = "Design of a General-Purpose Memory Allocator for the 4.3BSD {UNIX} kernel",
crossref = "USENIXS88",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the Summer 1988 {USENIX} Conference",
month = jun, year = 1988,
key = "",
}

@article{MTP:MLDL,
author = "Abraham Mendelson and Dominique Thiebaut and Dhiraj K. Pradhan",
title = "Modeling Live and Dead Lines in Cache Memory Systems",
journal = ieeetoc,
volume = 42, number = 1, year = 1993, month = jan,
pages = {1--14}
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@inproceedings{MiCh88,
author = "Miller, B. P. and Choi, J. D.",
title = "A Mechanism For Efficient Debugging of Parallel Systems",
crossref = "PLDI88",
key = "",
pages = "135--144"      }

@phdthesis{Miller:phd,
author = "James S. Miller",
title = "MultiScheme: A Parallel Processing Scheme Based on MIT Scheme",
school = "Massachussetts Institute of Technology",
address = "Cambridge, Massachussetts",
year = 1987,
month = sep
}

@techreport{Mi:ADPS,
title = "Analysis of Data Processing Systems",
author = "J. Minker and others",
institution = "University of Maryland", 
number = "69-99",
address = "College Park, Maryland",
year = 1969
}

@techreport{Mi:CopyingGC,
author = "Marvin Minsky",
title = "A {LISP} Garbage Collector Algorithm Using Serial Secondary Storage",
year = 1963,
type = "A.I. Memo",
number = 58,
institution = MIT # " Project {MAC}",
address = "Cambridge, Massachusetts"    }

@inproceedings{MiBK86,
author = "Mittal, S. and Bobrow, Daniel and Kahn, K.",
title = "Virtual Copies: At the Boundary Between Classes and
Instances",
crossref = "OOPSLA86",
key = "",
pges = "159--166"       }

@inproceedings{MoBo91,
author = "Mogul, Jeffrey C. and Anita Borg",
title = "The Effect of Context Switches on Cache Performance",
crossref = "ASPLOS4",
key = "",
pages = "75--84"
}

@phdthesis{Mo:phd,
author = "K. A. Mohammed-Ali",
title = "Object-Oriented Storage Management and Garbage Collection in
Distributed Processing Systems",
school = "Royal Institute of Technology, Dept. of Computer Systems", 
address = "Stockholm, Sweden",
year = 1984
}

@article{Mohe88,
author = "Thomas G. Moher",
title = "{PROVIDE}:  A Process Visualization and Debugging
Environment",
journal = ieeetse,
volume = 14, number = 6, month = jun, year = 1988,
pages = "849--857"      }

@article{MW:OHLDT,
author = "Thomas G. Moher and Paul R. Wilson",
title = "Offsetting Human Limitations with Debugging Technology",
journal = "{IEEE} Software",
volume = 8, number = 3, month = may, year = 1991,
pages = {11--13},
annote = "Guest editors' introduction to issue on debugging"
}

@inproceedings{Mo:GCLLS,
author = "Moon, David",
title = "Garbage Collection in a Large {L}isp System",  
crossref = "LFP84",
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@inproceedings{Mo:AS3600,
AUTHOR = "David A. Moon",
TITLE = "Architecture of the {S}ymbolics 3600",
BOOKTITLE = "The 12th Annual " # CA,
address = "Boston, Massachusetts",
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}

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author = "H. L. Morgan",
title = "Optimal Space Allocation on Disk Storage Devices",
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@article{Mo:TSEGCA,
AUTHOR="F. Lockwood Morris",
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@article{MBBDD:PGS,
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@inproceedings{Mo:Mneme,  
author = "Moss, J. Eliot B.",  
title = "Addressing Large Distributed Collections of Persistent
Objects:  The {M}neme Project's Approach",
booktitle = "Second International Workshop on Database Programming
Languages", 
pages = "269--285",
month = jun, year = 1989,
address = "Glenedon Beach, Oregon",
note = "Also available as Technical Report 89-68,
University of Massachusetts Dept. of Computer and Information
Science, Amherst, Massachusetts, 1989"  }

@techreport{Mo:Swizzle,  
author = "Moss, J. Eliot B.",  
title = "Working With Objects: To Swizzle or Not to Swizzle?",  
type = "Technical Report", 
number = "90--38",
institution = "University of Massachusetts",
address = "Amherst, Massachusetts",
month = may,
year = 1990     }

@inproceedings{Mo:LFGC,
author = "J. Eliot B. Moss",
title = "Lock-Free garbage collection for Multiprocessors",
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month = jul,
year = 1991
}

@inproceedings{MLG:DECAP,
author = "T. C. Mowry and M. S. Lam and A. Gupta",
title = "Design and Evaluation of a Compiler Algorithm for 
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key = "",
pages = {62--73}
}

@techreport{Moyer91,
author = "Moyer, Steven A.",
title = "Performance of the i{PSC}/860 Node Architecture",
institution = "University of Virginia, Institute for Parallel Computing, Engineering, and Applied Science",
number = "IPC-TR-91-007",
month = may,
year = 1991
}

@inproceedings{MJ:BTO,
AUTHOR = "Steven S. Muchnick and Neil D. Jones",
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PAGES = {77--91},
CROSSREF = "POPL76",
key = ""
}

@inproceedings{MU:DSABST,
author = "R. Muntz and R. Uzgalis",
title = "Dynamic Storage Allocation for Binary Search Trees in a Two-Level Memory",
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address = "Princeton, New Jersey",
year = 1970
}

@inproceedings{Mu:ALDMAS,
AUTHOR = "Thomas P. Murtagh",
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CROSSREF = "POPL84",
key = "",
COMMENT = "Uses call graph to allocate activation records many at once; reduce cost of procedure call"
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@phdthesis{Mycroft:thesis,
AUTHOR = "Alan Mycroft",
TITLE = "Abstract Interpretation and Optimising Transformations for Applicative Programs",
YEAR = 1981,
SCHOOL = "University of Edinburgh",
ADDRESS = "United Kingdom"
}

@inproceedings{NMK:LSSDSLE,
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CROSSREF = "IJCAI83", KEY = "", VOLUME = 2, PAGES = {859--861}
}

@inproceedings{NW:OTIR,
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pages = {313--325}
}

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}

@article{NSW:HMPGCA,
author = "I. A. Newman and R. P. Stallard and M. C. Woodward",
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}

@mastersthesis{No:SRSAMS,
author = "A. K. Nori",
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school = "University of Utah",
month = dec, year = 1979
}

@phdthesis{Neirynck:phd,
AUTHOR = "Anne Neirynck",
TITLE="Static Analysis of Aliasing and Side Effects in Higher-Order
  Languages",
SCHOOL=CORNELL,
ADDRESS = "Ithaca, New York",
YEAR=1988, MONTH=jan
}

@inproceedings{NPD:CASS,
AUTHOR="Anne Neirynck and Prakash Panangaden and Alan J. Demers",
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CROSSREF="POPL87",
key = "",
PAGES= {274--283}
}

@book{Ne:DCB,
author = "Mark Nelson",
title = "The Data Compression Book",
publisher = "M \& T Books",
year = 1991}

@inproceedings{NOPH:RBICC,
title = "Replication-based Incremental Copying Collection",
author = "Scott Nettles and James O'Toole and David Pierce and Nicholas Haines",
crossref="IWMM92",
key = "",
pages = {357--364}
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AUTHOR = "Nilsen, Kelvin",
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PAGES = {613--640}
}

@techreport{NS:HARTGC,
author = "Kelvin Nilsen and William J. Schmidt",
title = "A High-Level Overview of Hardware Assisted Real-Time Garbage Collection",
institution = "Dept. of Computer Science, Iowa State University",
address = "Ames, Iowa",
year = 1990,
number = "TR 90-18a"
}

@article{NS:CEOSM,
author = "Kelvin Nilsen and William J. Schmidt",
title = "Cost-Effective Object Space Management for Hardware-Assisted Real-Time Garbage Collection",
journal = LOPLAS,
volume = 1, number = 4, month = dec, year = 1992,
pages = {338--355}
}

@incollection{NR:CGCSH,
AUTHOR = "S. C. North and J. H. Reppy",
TITLE = "Concurrent Garbage Collection on Stock Hardware",
CROSSREF = "FPLCA87",
KEY = "",
PAGES = {113--133}
}

@techreport{Nuth87,
author = "Nuth, Peter R.",
title = "Communication Patterns in a Symbolic Multiprocessor",
type = "Technical Report", 
number = "MIT/LCS/TR-395",
institution = "Massachusetts Institute of Technology Laboratory for
Computer Science",
address = "Cambridge, Massachusetts",
month = "June", year = 1987
}

@article{OA:AEFSM,
author = "R. R. Oldehoeft and S. J. Allan",
title = "Adaptive Exact-Fit Storage Management",
journal = CACM,
volume = 28, number = 5, month = may, year = 1985, pages = "506--511"
}

@inproceedings{ONG:CCGCPH,
author="James O'Toole and Scott Nettles and David Gifford",
title="Concurrent Compacting Garbage Collection of a Persistent Heap",
crossref = "SOSP93",
key = "",
month = dec, year = 1993
}

@inproceedings{Ou:WAOSGF,
author="John Ousterhout",
title="Why Aren't Operating Systems Getting Faster as Fast as Hardware?",
booktitle="Summer 1990 {USENIX} Conference",
organization = "{USENIX} Association",
month=jun, year=1990,
address="Anaheim, California",
publisher="{IEEE} Press",
pages={247--256}
}

@inproceedings{Ow:MWSGC,
AUTHOR="Susan Owicki",
TITLE="Making the world safe for garbage collection",
CROSSREF="POPL81",
key = "",
PAGES={77--86}
}

@inproceedings{PK:ESBSCR,
title = "Evaluating Stream Buffers as a Secondary Cache Replacement",
author = "S. Palacharla and R. E. Kessler",
crossref = "ISCA94",
key = "",
pages = {24--33}
}

@article{Pa:OFASS,
author = "Ivor P. Page",
title = "Optimal Fit of Arbitrary Sized Segments",
journal = "Computer Journal",
volume = 25, number = 1, month = jan, year = 1982
}

@article{Pa:ACPS,
author = "Ivor P. Page",
title = "Analysis of a Cyclic Placement Scheme",
journal = compj,
volume = 27, number = 1, month = jan, year = 1984,
pages = {18--25}
}
 
@article{PH:IPBS,
author = "Ivor P. Page and Jeff Hagins",
title = "Improving the Performance of Buddy Systems",
journal = ieeetoc,
volume = "C-35", number = 5, month = may, year = 1986,
pages = {441--447}
}

@inproceedings{PZ:Fido,
title = "Fido: A Cache that Learns to Fetch",
author = "Mark Palmer and Stanley B. Zdonik"
}

@inproceedings{PaLi88,
author = "Pan, Douglas Z. and Linton, Mark",
title = "Supporting Reverse Execution of Parallel Programs",
crossref = "PDD88",
key = "",
pages = "112--123"      }

@inproceedings{PG:REA,
author = "Young Gil Park and Benjamin Goldberg",
title = "Reference Escape Analysis: Optimizing Reference Counting
based on the Lifetime of References",
booktitle = "Symposium on Partial Evaluation and Semantics-Based Program Manipulation",
address = "New Haven, Connecticut",
month = jun, year = 1991,
pages = {178--189}
}

@inproceedings{PG:EAOL,
author = "Young Gil Park and Benjamin Goldberg",
title = "Escape Analysis on Lists",
crossref = "PLDI92",
key = "",
pages = {116--127}
}

@article{Parnas:modules,
TITLE="On the Criteria to be used in decomposing systems into modules",
AUTHOR="D. L. Parnas",
JOURNAL=cacm,
VOLUME=15, NUMBER=12, MONTH=dec, YEAR=1972,
PAGES={1053--1058}
}

@techreport{Pat:SOAR,
AUTHOR="David A. Patterson",
TITLE="Smalltalk on a {RISC}: Architectural Investigations",
INSTITUTION="Computer Science Division, University of California at Berkeley",
NUMBER="CS292R",
YEAR=1983,
MONTH=apr
}

@inproceedings{PGK:RAID,
author = "David A. Patterson and G. Gibson and R. H. Katz",
title = "A Case for Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks ({RAID})",
booktitle = SIGMOD,
year = 1988
}

@techreport{PeSo89,
author = "Peng, C.-J. and Gurindar S. Sohi",
title = "Cache Memory Design Considerations to Support Languages With
Dynamic Heap Allocation",
type = "Technical Report", 
number = 860,
institution = {Computer Sciences Dept. University of Wisconsin},
address = "Madison, Wisconsin",
month = "July", 
year = 1989     }

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author = "J. L. Peterson and T. A. Norman",
title = "Buddy Systems",
journal = CACM,
volume = 20, number = 6, month = jun, year = 1977,
pages = "421--431"
}

@techreport{PVEP:CRCAP,
author="E. J. H. Pepels and M. C. J. D. {van Eekelen} and M. J. Plasmeijer",
title="A Cyclic Reference Counting Algorithm and its Proof",
institution="Computing Science Department",
address="University of Nijmegen",
year="1988",
type="Technical report",
number="88--10",
comments={\com A correct and terminating version of the algorithm in
[Brownbridge, 1985] and its proof. Based on [Salkild, 1987].
Complexity is at least exponential.}
}

@inproceedings{PS:EFTGC,
author = "David Plainfoss{\'e} and Marc Shapiro",
title = "Experience with Fault Tolerant garbage collection in a Distributed {L}isp System",
crossref = "IWMM92",
key = "",
pages = "116--133",
}

@article{PPRS:PPB,
title = "Prefetching Pacing Buffer to Reduce Cache Misses",
author = "J. H. Pomerene and T. R. Puzak and R. N. Rechtschaffen and F. 
J. Sparacio",
journal = "IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin",
volume = 27, number = 5, year = 1985,
pages = {2773--2774}
}

@article{PPRS:PCA,
title = "Prefetching Confirmation Array",
author = "J. Pomerene and T. R. Puzak and R. N. Rechtshaffen and F. J. 
Sparacio",
journal = "IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin",
volume = 27, number = 5, year = 1985,
pages = {2786--2787}
}

@article{PPRS:SSPDP,
title = "Shadow Structure to Perform D-Line Prefetching",
author = "J. Pomerene and T. R. Puzak and R. N. Rechtshaffen and F. J. 
Sparacio",
journal = "IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin",
volume = 27, number = 5, year = 1985,
pages = {2987--2988}
}

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author = "Powell, M. L. and Presotto, D. L.",
title = "Publishing: A Reliable Broadcast Communication Mechanism",
crossref = "SOSP83",
key = "",
pages = "100--109"      }

@article{PF:VMIN,
author = "B. G. Prieve and R. S. Fabry",
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journal = CACM,
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pages = "295--297"
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@inproceedings{PrHH88,
author = "Przybylski, Stephen and Mark Horowitz and John Hennessy",
title = "Performance Tradeoffs in Cache Design",
booktitle = "15th Annual " # CA,
address = "Honolulu, Hawaii", 
month = jun, year = 1988, 
pages = "290--298"      }

@inproceedings{Pr:PIBSFS,
author = "Przybylski, Stephen",
title = "The Performance Impact of Block Sizes and Fetch Strategies",
crossref = "ISCA90",
key = "",
pages = "160--169"
}

@book{Pr:CMHD,
author = "S. Przybylski",
title = "Cache and Memory Hierarchy Design: A Performance-Directed 
Approach",
publisher = "Morgan Kaufman",
address = "San Mateo, California",
year = 1990
}

@inproceedings{Pu:DGCAO,
author = "Isabelle Puaut",
title = "Distributed Garbage Collection of Active Objects with No
Global Synchronization",
crossref = "IWMM92",
key = "",
pages = "148--164"
}

@article{PS:SPBS,
title = "Statistical Properties of the Buddy System",
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journal = jacm,
volume = 17, number = 4, month = oct, year = 1970,
pages = {683--697}
}

@article{PSC:SITSAA,
author = "P. W. Purdom and S. M. Stigler and Tat-Ong Cheam",
title = "Statistical Investigation of Three Storage Allocation
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journal = "BIT",
volume = 11, year = 1971,
pages = "187--195"
}

@phdthesis{Puzak:phd,
author = "Thomas R. Puzak",
title = "Analysis of Cache Replacement Algorithms",
school = "University of Massachussetts, Dept. of Electrical and Computer 
Engineering",
month = feb,
year = 1985
}

@inproceedings{QPQ:MDS,
author =  "Christian Queinnec and Barbara Beaudoing and Jean-Pierre Queille",
title =        "{M}ark {DURING} {S}weep rather than {M}ark {THEN} {S}weep",
crossref =    "parle89",
key = "",
ecritsdIcsla = 1,
abstract = "Garbage Collection frees the programmer from the burden of
explicitly deallocating unused data. This facility induces a considerable
overhead but also causes some delays that may affect real-time
applications.  Guaranteed throughput (with at most short and
predictable delays) is needed in many applications such as plane or
plant control and requires at least a worst case analysis to identify
the performances of the whole system.  Traditional GC are made of two
phases~: the marker which identifies all useful data, followed by the
sweeper which reclaims all useless data.  On-the-fly GC schemes were
introduced to permit an application and a collector to run
concurrently. That concurrency may lessen the GC penalty incurred by
the application.

We present here a new algorithm where the application,
the marker and the sweeper are concurrent. The benefit is to tightly
adjust collection rate to application consumption and have an allocation
time bounded by a small constant. Moreover our algorithm does not waste memory
and appears to be well suited for embedded systems.

This ``mark {\sc during} sweep'' algorithm is completely presented.  An
interesting single-processor and incremental realisation is also
analysed and followed by  some implementation variations."
}

@article{Qu:EIMRVGM,
author = "R. W. Quong",
title = "Expected I-cache Miss Rates via the Gap Model",
crossref = "ISCA94",
key = "",
pages = {372--383}
}

@article{Ra:DTD,
author = "S. P. Rana",
title = "A Distributed Solution to the Distributed Termination Problem",
journal = ipl,
volume = 17, month = jul, year = 1983,
pages = {43--46},
}

@article{Ra:PACM,
title = "Performance Analysis of Cache Memories",
author = "G. S. Rao",
journal = jacm,
volume = 25, number = 3, month = jul, year = 1978,
pages = {378--395}
}

@article{RK:DSAS,
author = "Brian Randell and C. J. Kuehner",
title = "Dynamic Storage Allocation Systems",
journal = cacm,
volume = 12, number = 7, month = may, year = 1968,
pages = {297--306}
}

@article{Ra:NSF,
author = "Brian Randell",
title = "A Note on Storage Fragmentation and Program Segmentation",
journal = cacm,
volume = 12, number = 7, month = jul, year = 1969,
pages = {365--372}
}

@article{Rand75,
author = "Randell, Brian",
title = "System Structure For Software Fault Tolerance",
journal = ieeetse,
volume = "SE-1", number = 2, month = jun, year = 1975,
pages = "220--232"
}

@inproceedings{Rash87,
author = "Rashid, R. and Tevanian, A. and Young, M. and others",
title = "Machine-Independent Virtual Memory Management For Paged
Uniprocessor and Multiprocessor Architectures",
crossref = "ASPLOS2",
key = "",
pages = "31--39"        }

@techreport{Ra:SPS,
title = "Sequential Prefetch Strategies for Instructions and Data",
author = "B. R. Rau",
institution = "Digital Systems Laboratory, Stanford University",
year = 1977,
month = jan
}

@phdthesis{Rau:phd,
title = "Program Behavior and the Performance of Memory Systems",
author = "B. R. Rau",
school = "Stanford University",
year = 1977
}

@techreport{ReCl86,
author = "Rees, Jonathan and William Clinger",
title = "The Revised$^3$ Report on the Algorithmic Language {Scheme}",
type = "AI Memo",
number = "848a",
institution = MIT,
address = "Cambridge, Massachusetts",
month = sep, year = 1986
}

@article{Re:FSDURFA,
author = "C. M. Reeves",
title = "Free Store Distribution Under Random-Fit Allocation",
journal = compj,
volume = 22, number = 4, month = nov, year = 1979,
pages = {346--351}
}

@article{Re:FSDURFA2,
author = "C. M. Reeves",
title = "Free Store Distribution Under Random-Fit Allocation: Part 2",
journal = compj,
volume = 23, number = 4, month = nov, year = 1980,
pages = {298--306}
}

@article{Re:LSMCDSA,
author = "C. M. Reeves",
title = "A Lumped-State Model of Clustering in Dynamic Storage Allocation",
journal = compj,
volume = 27, number = 2, year = 1982,
pages = {135--142}
}

@article{Re:FSDURFA3,
author = "C. M. Reeves",
title = "Free Store Distribution Under Random-Fit Allocation, Part 3",
journal = compj,
volume = 26, number = 1, month = feb, year = 1983,
pages = {25--35}
}

@inproceedings{Re:CPGCP, 
author = "Mark B. Reinhold", 
title = "Cache Performance of Garbage-Collected Programs",
crossref = "PLDI94",
month = jun, year = 1994,
pages = {206--217}
}

@inproceedings{RD:FBR,
author = "Robertson, J. and M. Devarakonda",
title = "Data Cache Management Using Frequency-Based Replacement",
booktitle = "{SIGMETRICS}",
year = 1990
}

@article{Ro:ESSNDSA,
author = "J. M. Robson",
title = "An Estimate of the Store Size Necessary for Dynamic Storage
Allocation",
journal = "Journal of the {ACM}",
volume = 18, number = 3, month = jul, year = 1971,
pages = "416--423"
}

@article{Ro:BSACCS,
author = "J. M. Robson",
title = "A Bounded Storage Algorithm for Copying Cyclic Structures",
journal = cacm,
volume = 20, number = 6, month = jun, year = 1977,
pages = {431--433}
}

@article{Ro:BSF,
author = "J. M. Robson",
title = "Bounds for Some Functions Concerning Dynamic Storage Allocation",
journal = jacm,
volume = 21, number = 3, month = jul, year = 1974,
pages = {491--499}
}

@article{Ro:WCFFFBF,
author = "J. M. Robson",
title = "Worst Case Fragmentation of First Fit and Best Fit Storage Allocation Strategies",
journal = compj,
volume = 20, number = 3, month = aug, year = 1977,
pages = {242--244}
}

@article{Ro:NLTPE,
author = "A. Rochfeld",
title = "New {LISP} Techniques for a Paging Environment",
journal = cacm,
volume = 14, number = 12, month = dec,
pages = {791--795}
}

@inproceedings{Ro:FastDispatch,
title = "Fast Dispatch Mechanisms for Stock Hardware",
author = "John R. Rose",
crossref = "OOPSLA88",
key = "",
pages = {27--35},
note = ""
}

@inproceedings{Ro:ASPO,
AUTHOR = "John Rosenberg",
TITLE = "Architectural Support for Persistent Objects",
PAGES = "48--60",
crossref = "IWOOOS91",
key = ""
}

@inproceedings{RHBM:SPS,
title = "Stability in a Persistent Store Based on a Large Virtual Memory",
author = "John Rosenberg and F. A. Henskens and A. L. Brown and R. Morrison and D. Munro",
year = 1990,
booktitle = "Security and Persistence:  Proceedings of the
International Workshop on Computer Architectures to Support Security
and Persistence of Information",
editors = "John Rosenberg and J. Leslie Keedy",
address = "Bremen, West Germany",
publisher = SV # " and the British Computer Society",
pages = {229--245}
}

@inproceedings{RK:OMAMA,
author = "John Rosenberg and J. Leslie Keedy",
title = "Object Management and Addressing in the {MONADS} Architecture",
booktitle = "Second International Workshop on Persistent Object Systems",
address = "Appin, Scotland",
year = 1987
}

@inproceedings{RO:LFS,
author = "Mendel Rosenblum and John K. Ousterhout",
title = "The Design and Implementation of a Log-Structured File System",
crossref = "SOSP91",
key = "",
pages = {1--15}
}

@article{Ro:GTSMNC,
author = "D. T. Ross",
title = "A Generalized Technique for Symbol Manipulation and Numerical Calculation",
journal = cacm,
volume = 4, number = 3, month = mar, year = 1961,
pages = {147--150}
}

@article{Ro:AEDFSP,
author = "D. T. Ross",
title = "The {AED} Free Storage Package",
journal = cacm,
volume = 10, number = 8, month = aug, year = 1967,
pages = {481--492}
}

@techreport{Ro:CedarGC,
AUTHOR = "Paul Rovner",
TITLE = "On Adding Garbage Collection and Runtime Types to a Strongly-Typed, Statically Checked, Concurrent Language",
INSTITUTION = PARC,
YEAR = 1985,
type = "Technical Report",
address = "Palo Alto, California",
month = jul,
NUMBER = "CSL-84-7"
}

@techreport{Ro:Modula,
AUTHOR = "Paul Rovner and Roy Levin and John Wick",
TITLE = "On Extending {M}odula-2 For Building Large, Integrated Systems",
INSTITUTION = DECSRC,
address = "Palo Alto, California",
YEAR = 1985,
NUMBER = 3
}

@inproceedings{Ru:DCGC,
author = "Martin Rudalics",
title = "Distributed Copying Garbage Collection",
crossref = "LFP86",
key = "",
pages = {364--372}
}

@phdthesis{Ruggieri:phd,
AUTHOR = "Christina Ruggieri",
TITLE = "Dynamic Memory Allocation Techniques Based on the Lifetimes of Objects",
SCHOOL = "Purdue University",
ADDRESS = "West Lafayette, Indiana",
YEAR = 1987, MONTH = aug
}

@inproceedings{RM:LADAO,
AUTHOR = "Christina Ruggieri and Thomas P. Murtagh",
TITLE = "Lifetime Analysis of Dynamically Allocated Objects",
CROSSREF = "POPL88",
key = "",
PAGES={285--293}
}

@article{Ru:IFCBS,
author = "D. L. Russell",
title = "Internal Fragmentation in a Class of Buddy Systems",
journal = siamjc,
volume = 6, number = 4, month = dec, year = 1977,
pages = {607--621}
}

@inproceedings{Sa:Mache,
author = "A. Dain Samples",
title = "Mache: No-Loss Trace Compaction",
booktitle = "ACM SIGMETRICS",
month = may, year = 1989,
pages = {89--97}
}

@inproceedings{SB:IDS,
author = "M. Schelvis and E. Bledoeg",
title = "The Implementation of Distributed Smalltalk",
booktitle = ECOOP,
editor = "S. Gjessing and K. Nygaard",
month = aug, year = 1988,
address = "Oslo, Norway",
publisher = SV,
series = LNCS,
number = 322,
}

@inproceedings{Sc:IDTP,
author = "M. Schelvis",
title = "Incremental Distribution of Timestamp Packets: a New Approach
to Distributed Garbage Collection",
crossref = "OOPSLA89",
key = "",
pages = {37--48}
}

@book{Sc:ATSCS,
author = "A. Scherr",
title = "An Analysis of Time-Shared Computer Systems",
publisher = "MIT Technology Press",
year = 1967
}

@mastersthesis{Sa:IATRCA,
author = "Jon D. Salkild",
title = "Implementation and Analysis of Two Reference Counting Algorithms",
school = "University College",
address = "London, United Kingdom",
year=1987,
comments = {\com Proves the incorrectness of the algorithm in
[Brownbridge, 1985] and suggests a way of fixing it.
Unfortunately his algorithm is non-terminating in pathological cases.}
}

@phdthesis{Schmidt:phd,
author = "William J. Schmidt",
title = "Issues in the Design and Implementation of a Real-Time
Garbage Collection Architecture",
year = 1992,
school = "Iowa State University",
address = "Ames, Iowa",
note = "Technical report ISUTR 92-25"
}

@article{SW:EMIPGC,
author = "H. Schorr and W. M. Waite",
title = "An Efficient Machine-Independent Procedure for
Garbage Collection in Various List Structures",
journal = cacm,
volume = 10, number = 8, month = aug, year = 1967,
pages = {501--506}
}

@techreport{SETL131,
AUTHOR="Jacob T. Schwartz",
TITLE="More on Copy Optimization of {SETL} Programs",
NUMBER=131,
TYPE="{SETL} Newsletter",
INSTITUTION=NYUCOUR,
YEAR=1974,
MONTH=jun
}

@unpublished{Se:FBS,
author = "R. Sedgewick",
title = "A Fibonacci Buddy System",
year = 1972,
note = "18 pages, cited in \cite{Ru:IFCBS}"
}

@inproceeding{Se:GGCLGR,
author = "Julian Seward",
title = "Generational Garbage Collection for Lazy Graph Reduction",
crossref = "IWMM92",
key = "",
pages = "200--217"
}

@inproceedings{Sh:FTS,
title = "A Fault-tolerant, Scalable, Low-overhead Distributed Garbage Detection Protocol",
author = "Marc Shapiro",
booktitle = "Tenth Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems",
address = "Pisa, Italy",
year = 1991,
month = sep,
publisher = "{IEEE} Computer Society Press",
}

@inproceedings{SDP:RDRAGC,
title = "Robust, Distributed References and Acyclic Garbage
Collection",
author = "Shapiro, Marc and Peter Dickman and David Plainfoss{\'e}",
booktitle = "Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing",
month = aug, year = 1992,
address = "Vancouver, Canada",
organization = ACM,
pages = "135--146"
}

@inproceedings{Sh:SSPC,
title = "SSP Chains",
author = "Marc Shapiro et al.",
booktitle = "Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing",
publisher = acm,
year = 1992
}

@article{Sc:OVHLL1,
AUTHOR = "Jacob T. Schwartz",
TITLE = "Optimization of Very High Level Languages---{I}.  {V}alue Transmission and its Corollaries",
JOURNAL = "Journal of Computer Languages",
VOLUME = 1, YEAR = 1975,
PAGES = {161--194}
}

@article{Sc:OVHLL2,
AUTHOR = "Jacob T. Schwartz",
TITLE = "Optimization of Very High Level Languages---{II}.  {D}educing Relationships of Inclusion and Membership",
JOURNAL = "Journal of Computer Languages",
VOLUME = 1, YEAR = 1975,
PAGES = {197--218}
}

@techreport{SETL176,
AUTHOR="Jacob T. Schwartz",
TITLE="A coarser, but simpler and considerably more efficient copy optimization technique",
NUMBER=176,
TYPE="{SETL} Newsletter",
INSTITUTION=NYUCOUR,
YEAR=1976,
MONTH=aug
}

@inproceedings{S:VSUDOAP,
AUTHOR = "Jerald Schwarz",
TITLE = "Verifying the Safe Use of Destructive Operations in Applicative Programs",
YEAR = 1978,
BOOKTITLE = "Program Transformations--Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Programming",
PAGES = {395--411}
}

@inproceedings{SS:PGGC,
author = "Ravi Sharma and Mary Lou Soffa",
title = "Parallel Generational Garbage Collection",
crossref = "OOPSLA91",
key = "",
pages = {16--32}
}

@techreport{Shaw87,
author = "Shaw, Robert A.",
title = "Improving Garbage Collector Performance in Virtual Memory",
institution = "Stanford University",
number = "CSL -TR-87-323",
month = mar,
year = 1987
}

@phdthesis{Shaw88,
author = "Shaw, Robert A.", 
title = "Empirical Analysis of a {L}isp System",
school = "Stanford University", 
address = "Palo Alto, California", 
month = feb, year = 1988,
note = "Technical Report CSL-TR-88-351, Stanford University Computer Systems Laboratory"        }

@article{SP:WBMDSA,
author = "K. K. Shen and J. L. Peterson",
title = "A Weighted Buddy Method for Dynamic Storage Allocation",
journal = CACM,
volume = 17, number = 10, month = oct, year = 1974,
pages = {558--562}
}

@article{Sh:ESF,
author = "J. E. Shore",
title = "On the External Storage Fragmentation Produced by First-Fit
and Best-Fit Allocation Strategies",
journal = CACM,
volume = 18, number = 8, month = aug, year = 1975,
pages = "433--440"
}

@article{Sh:ABFPR,
author = "J. E. Shore",
title = "Anomalous Behavior of the Fifty-Percent Rule in Dynamic Memory Allocation",
journal = CACM,
volume = 20, number = 11, month = nov, year = 1977,
pages = {558--562}
}

@article{SST:MW,
author = "Jaswinder Pal Singh and Harold S. Stone and Dominique Thiebaut",
title = "A Model of Workloads and Its Use in Miss-Rate Prediction for
Fully-Associative Caches",
journal = ieeetoc,
volume = 41, number = 7, month = jul, year = 1992,
pages = {811--825}
}

@inproceedings{SKW:TPS,
AUTHOR = "Singhal, Vivek and Sheetal V. Kakkad and Paul R. Wilson",
TITLE = "{T}exas: an Efficient, Portable Persistent Store",
crossref = "POS5",
key = "",
PAGES = {11--33}
}

@article{ST:SABST,
author = "Daniel Dominic Sleator and Robert Endre Tarjan",
title = "Self-Adjusting Binary Search Trees",
journal = jacm,
volume = 32, number = 3, year = 1985
}

@article{SL:OSAA,
author = "Maciej Slusarek",
title = "An Off-Line Storage Allocation Algorithm",
journal = ipl,
volume = 24, number = 2, month = jan, year = 1987,
pages = {71--75}
}

@article{Sm:MWS,
author = "Alan J. Smith",
title = "A Modified Working Set Paging Algorithm",
journal = ieeetse,
volume = "C-25", number = 9, month = sep, year = 1976,
pages = {907--914}
}

@article{Sm:EAATD,
author = "Alan J. Smith",
title = "Two Methods for the Efficient Analysis of Address Trace Data",
journal = ieeetse,
volume = "SE-3", number = 1, month = jan, year = 1977
}

@article{Sm:SPPMH,
author = "Alan J. Smith",
title = "Sequential Program Prefetching in Memory Hierarchies",
journal = IEEEComputer,
volume = 11, number = 12, month = dec, year = 1978,
pages = {7--21}
}

@article{Sm:SPDBS,
author = "Alan J. Smith",
title = "Sequentiality and Prefetching in Database Systems",
journal = tods,
volume = 3, number = 3, month = sep, year = 1978,
pages = {223--247}
}

@article{Sm:CSPEMMU,
title = "Characterizing the Storage Process and its Effects on Main 
Memory Update",
author = "Alan J. Smith",
joural = jacm,
volume = 26, number = 1, month = jan, year = 1979,
pages = {6--27}
}

@article{Sm:CM,
author = "Alan J. Smith",
title = "Cache Memories",
journal = compsurv,
volume = 14, number = 3, month = sep, year = 1982,
pages = {473--530}
}

@inproceedings{Sm:CEIWC,
author = "Alan J. Smith",
title = "Cache Evaluation and the Impact of Workload Choice",
crossref = "ISCA12",
month = jun, year = 1985,
pages = {64--73}
}

@article{Sm:bib,
author = "Alan J. Smith",
title = "Bibliography and Readings on CPU Cache Memories and Related 
Topics",
journal = can,
volume = 14, number = 1, year = 1986, month = jan,
pages = {22--42}
}

@article{Sm:LSC,
author = "Alan J. Smith",
title = "Line (Block) Size Choice for CPU Cache Memories",
journal = ieeetoc,
volume = "C-36", number = 9, month = sep, year = 1987, 
pages = {1063--1075}
}

@inproceedings{SM:TCEMEA,
author = "Smith, J. M. and Maguire, Jr., Gerald Q.",
title = "Transparent Concurrent Execution of Mutually Exclusive
Alternatives",
booktitle = "Ninth International Conference on Distributed Computer
Systems",
month = jun, year = 1989,
address = "Also available as Technical Report
CUCS-387-88, Columbia University, New York, New York"   }

@inproceedings{SW:MAOSH,
author = "Walter R. Smith and Robert V. Welland",
title = "A Model for Address-Oriented Software and Hardware",
booktitle = "25th Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences",
month = Jan, year = 1991      
}

@inproceedings{Sm:NAA,
author = "Walter W. Smith",
title = "The Newton Application Architecture",
crossref = "COMPCON94",
note = "to appear"
}

@techreport{Soba88,
author = "Patrick G. Sobalvarro",
title = "A Lifetime-Based Garbage Collector for {LISP} Systems on
General-Purpose Computers",
type = "{B.S.} thesis",
institution = MIT # " {EECS} Department",
address = "Cambridge, Massachusetts",
year = 1988
}

@misc{Sousa:IK,
author = "Pedro Sousa"
}

@book{Sp:PB,
author = "J. R. Spirn",
title = "Program Behavior: Models and Measurements",
seriestitle = "Operating and Programming Systems Series",
publisher = "Elsevier",
address = "New York"
}

@inproceedings{St:SM,
author = "Mark E. Staknis",
title = "Sheaved Memory: Architectural Support for State Saving and
Restoration in Paged Systems",
crossref = "ASPLOS3",
key = "",
pages = "96-102"
}

@techreport{Stam82,  
author = "Stamos, James William", 
title = "A Large Object-Oriented Virtual Memory: Grouping Strategies,
Measurements, and Performance",
institution= PARC,
address = "Palo Alto, California",
type = "Technical Report", 
number = "SCG-82-2", 
month = May, year = 1982
}

@article{Stam84,
author = "Stamos, James William",
title = "Static Grouping of Small Objects to Enhance Performance of a
Paged Virtual Memory",
journal = "{ACM} Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems", 
volume = 2, number = 2, month = May, year = 1984, 
pages = "155--180"      }

@techreport{Stam86,
author = "James William Stamos",
title = "Programmer-Invoked Local Garbage Collection: A Design",
type = "Technical Report",
number = "unpublished draft",
institution = MIT,
year = 1986
}

@article{SPUR86,
author = "Hill, Mark and Susan Eggers and James Larus and George Taylor and others",
title = "{SPUR}: A {VLSI} Multiprocessor Workstation",
journal = "{IEEE} Computer",
volume = 19, number = 11, month = nov, year = 1986,
pages = "8--22" }

@book{St:DST,
author = "Thomas Standish",
title = "Data Structure Techniques",
publisher = AW,
address = "Reading, Massachusetts",
year = 1980
}

@techreport{St:RACFS,
AUTHOR = "Guy L. {Steele Jr.}",
TITLE="{RABBIT}: A Compiler for {SCHEME}",
INSTITUTION= MIT,
YEAR=1978, MONTH=may
}

@article{St:MCGC,
author = "Guy L. {Steele Jr.}",
title = "Multiprocessing Compactifying Garbage Collection",
journal = cacm,
volume = 18, number = 9, month = sep, year = 1975,
pages = {495--508}
}

@techreport{StSu75,
author = "{Steele Jr}, Guy L. and Gerald J. Sussman",
title = "{S}cheme: An Interpreter For the Extended Lambda Calculus",
type = "AI Memo",
number = 349,
institution = MIT # " Artificial Intelligence Laboratory",
address = "Cambridge, Massachusetts",
year = 1975
}

@phdthesis{Stee87,
author = "Steenkiste, Peter",
title = "Lisp on a Reduced-Instruction-Set Processor:  Characterization and
Optimization",
school = "Stanford University", 
address = "Palo Alto, California", 
note = "Technical Report CSL-TR-87-324, Stanford University Computer System Laboratory", 
month = mar,
year =  1987
}

@inproceedings{SH:TTCIL,
author = "Peter Steenkiste and John Hennessy",
title = "Tags and Type Checking in {L}isp",
crossref = "ASPLOS2",
key = "",
pages = "50-59",
}

@inproceedings{St:FF,
author = "C. J. Stephenson",
title = "Fast Fits: New Methods for Dynamic Storage Allocation",
crossref = "SOSP83",
key = "",
pages = {30--32}
}

@techreport{St:PMA,
author = "Harold S. Stone",
title = "Parallel Memory Allocation Using the {FETCH-AND-ADD} Instruction",
institution = "IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center",
address = "Yorktown Heights, New York",
month = nov,
year = 1982
}

@article{STW:OPCM,
author = "Harold S. Stone and John Turek and Joel L. Wolf",
title = "Optimal Partitioning of Cache Memory",
journal = ieeetoc,
volume = 41, number = 9, month = sep, year = 1992,
pages = {1054--1068}
}

@inproceedings{Stoye:SPMRCR,
AUTHOR = "W. R. Stoye and T. J. W. Clarke and A. C. Norman",
TITLE = "Some Practical Methods for Rapid Combinator Reduction",
CROSSREF = "LFP84",
KEY = "",
PAGES = {159--166},
COMMENT = "Useful tricks in a ``by the book'' combinator reduction machine"
}

@article{SMS:OMPSS,
author = "A. Straw and F. Mellender and S. Reigel",
title = "Object Management in a Persistent Smalltalk System",
journal = SPE,
volume = 19, number = 8
}

@article{StYe85,
author = "Strom, Robert E. and Yemini, Shaula",
title = "Optimistic Recovery in Distributed Systems",
journal = tocs,
month = aug, year = 1985, volume = 3, number = 3,
pages = "204--226"
}

@techreport{StYB88,
author = "Strom, R. E. and Yemini, S. and Bacon, D.",
title = "A Recoverable Object Store",
type = "Technical Report",
institution = "{IBM} T. J. Watson Research Center",
year = 1988,
note = "Submitted for publication"
}

@article{StCo87,
author = "Strothotte, T. W. and Cormack, G. V.",
title = "Structured Program Lookahead",
journal = "Comp. Lang.",
volume = 12, number = 2, year = 1987,
pages = "95--108"
}

@inproceedings{St:EC,
author = "Bjarne Stroustrup",
title = "The Evolution of {C}++, 1985 to 1987",
booktitle = "{USENIX C++} Workshop",
organization = "{USENIX} Association",
year = 1987,
pages = {1--22}
}

@inproceedings{Su:MDPEP,
author = "Indira Subramanian",
title = "Managing Discardable Pages with an External Pager",
booktitle = "USENIX Mach Symposium",
address = "Monterey, California",
month = nov, year = 1991,
pages = {77--85}
}

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author = "Williams, Ifor and Mario I. Wolkzko and Trevor Hopkins",
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type = "Technical Report", 
institution = "University of Manchester Dept. of Computer Science", 
address = "Manchester, United Kingdom",
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author = "J. Wilson",
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year = 1988
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author = "Paul R. Wilson",
title = "World Wide Web home page",
note = "\verb+http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/oops/+"
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author = "Paul R. Wilson",
title = "Opportunistic Garbage Collection",
journal = SIGPLAN,
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pages = "98--102"
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@mastersthesis{Wils88b,
author = "Paul R. Wilson",
title = "Two Comprehensive Virtual Copy Mechanisms",
school = "University of Illinois at Chicago, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department",
address = "Chicago, Illinois",
year = 1988
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@unpublished{Wils89,  
author = "Wilson, Paul R.",
title = "Heap Management and Hierarchical Memories",
note = "Unpublished working paper", 
month = May,
year = 1989
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@inproceedings{Wi:SISHMMH,
author = "Wilson, Paul R.",
title = "Some Issues and Strategies in Heap Management and Memory
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key = "",
note = "Also appears in {\em {SIGPLAN} Notices 23}(3):45--52, March 1991"
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@techreport{Wi:SwizzCAN,
title = "Pointer Swizzling at Page Fault Time: Efficiently Supporting
Huge Address Spaces on Standard Hardware",
author = "Paul R. Wilson",
type = "Technical Report", 
number = "UIC-EECS-90-6",
institution = "University of Illinois at Chicago, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department",
address = "Chicago, Illinois", 
month = dec,  year = 1990,
note = "Also appears in {\em Computer Architecture News 19}(4):6-13, June 1991" }

@inproceedings{WK:PSPFT,
title = "Pointer Swizzling at Page Fault Time: Efficiently and Compatibly
Supporting Huge Addresses on Standard Hardware",
author = "Paul R. Wilson and Sheetal V. Kakkad",
crossref = "IWOOOS92",
key = "",
pages = {364--377}
}

@article{WKM:AAADPP,
title = "Anomalies and Adaptation in the Analysis and Development of 
Prepaging Policies",
author = "Paul R. Wilson and Sheetal V. Kakkad and Shubhendu S. 
Mukherjee",
journal = jss,
year = 1994
}

@phdthesis{Wi:PhD,
author = "Paul R. Wilson",
title = "Heap Management and Memory Hierarchies",
school = "University of Illinois at Chicago",
month = Dec, year = 1991
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@inproceedings{Wi:OSSSO,
author = "Wilson, Paul R.",
title = "Operating System Support for Small Objects",
crossref = "IWOOOS91",
key = "",
pages = "80--86"}

@inproceedings{Wi:SMMH,
author = "Wilson, Paul R.",
title = "Storage Management and Memory Heirarches",
crossref = "IWMM92",
key = "",
note = "Unpublished discussion session paper"
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@inproceedings{Wi:UGCT,
author = "Wilson, Paul R.",
title = "Uniprocessor Garbage Collection Techniques",
crossref = "IWMM92",
key = "",
pages = {1--42}
}

@article{Wi:GC,
author = "Wilson, Paul R.",
title = "Garbage Collection",
journal = csurv,
note = "{Expanded version of \cite{Wi:UGCT}.}  Draft available via anonymous
internet FTP from \verb+cs.utexas.edu+ as \verb+pub/garbage/bigsurv.ps.+
In revision, to appear.",
year = 1995
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@inproceedings{LWM:OTDGC,
author = "Michael S. Lam and Paul R. Wilson and Thomas G. Moher",
title = "Object Type Directed Garbage Collection to Improve Locality",
crossref = "IWMM92",
key = "",
pages = {404--425}
}

@unpublished{WB:VMTrace,
author = "Paul R. Wilson and V.B. Balayoghan",
title = "Efficient tracing using virtual memory address protection",
note = "In preparation",
year = 1995
}

@unpublished{WB:CP,
author = "Paul R. Wilson and V. B. Balayoghan",
title = "Compressed Paging",
note = "In preparation",
year = 1995
}

@inproceedings{WLM:ESGR,
author = "Wilson, Paul R. and Michael S. Lam and Thomas G. Moher",
title = "Effective Static-Graph Reorganization to Improve Locality in
Garbage-Collected Systems",
crossref = "PLDI91",
Key = "",
pages = "177--191"      }

@techreport{WiLM90b,
title = "Caching Consideration For Generational Garbage Collection:  A
Case For Large and Set-Associative Caches",
author = "Paul R. Wilson and Michael S. Lam and Thomas G. Moher",
institution = "University of Illinois at Chicago EECS Dept.",
type = "Technical Report", 
number = "UIC-EECS-90-5",
address = "Chicago, Illinois",
month = Dec, year = 1990
}

@inproceedings{WH:GC91,
author = "Paul R. Wilson and Barry Hayes",
title = "The 1991 {OOPSLA} {W}orkshop on {G}arbage {C}ollection in {O}bject
{O}riented {S}ystems (Organizers' Report)",
crossref = "OOPSLA91Add",
key = "",
pages = "63--71"
}

@inproceedings{WM:DM,
title = "Demonic Memory For Process Histories", 
author = "Paul R. Wilson and Thomas G. Moher",
crossref = "PLDI89",
key = "",
pages = "330--343"
}

@inproceedings{WM:OGC,
author = "Wilson, Paul R. and Thomas G. Moher",
title = "Design of the {O}pportunistic {G}arbage {C}ollector",
crossref = "OOPSLA89",
key = "",
pages = "23--35"
}

@inproceedings{WLM:CCGGC,
author = "Wilson, Paul R. and Michael S. Lam and Thomas G. Moher",
title = "Caching Considerations for Generational Garbage Collection",
crossref = "LFP92",
key = "",
pages = "32--42",
}

@article{WMK:Anomalies,
AUTHOR = "Wilson, Paul R. and Shubhendu S. Mukherjee and Sheetal V. Kakkad",
TITLE = "Anomalies and Adaptation in the Analysis and Development of Prepaging Policies",
JOURNAL = "Journal of Systems and Software",
NOTE = "Technical Communication",
YEAR = 1994
}

@inproceedings{WJ:RTGC,
AUTHOR = "Paul R. Wilson and Mark S. Johnstone",
TITLE = "Truly Real-Time Non-Copying Garbage Collection",
CROSSREF = "OOPSLAGC93",
KEY = "",
NOTE = "Expanded version of workshop position paper submitted for publication",
MONTH = dec, YEAR = 1993
}

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title = "Dynamic Storage Allocation: A survey and critical review",
author = "Paul R. Wilson and Mark S. Johnstone and Michael Neely and David Boles",
booktitle = "1995 International Workshop on Memory Management",
address = "Kinross, Scotland, UK",
publisher = "Springer Verlag LNCS",
year = 1995
}

@techreport{WJNB:MAPR,
title = "Memory Allocation Policies Reconsidered",
author = "Paul R. Wilson and Mark S. Johnstone and Michael Neely and David Boles",
institution = "University of Texas at Austin Department of Computer Sciences",
year = 1995
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author = "Zorn, Benjamin",
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@techreport{Zo:EGCCP,
author = "Zorn, Benjamin",
title = "The Effect of Garbage Collection on Cache Performance",
institution = "University of Colorado at Boulder, Dept. of Computer Science",
month = may, year = 1991,
address = "Boulder, Colorado",
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@article{Zo:MCCGC,
author = "Zorn, Benjamin",
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author = "Benjamin Zorn and Dirk Grunwald",
title = "Empirical Measurements of Six Allocation-Intensive {C} Programs",
institution = "University of Colorado at Boulder, Dept. of Computer Science",
month = jul, year = 1992,
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@proceedings{COMPCON94, 
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number = 201,
}

@proceedings{FPLCA87,
title = FPLCA,
booktitle = FPLCA,
editor = "Gilles Kahn",
series = lncs,
number = 274,
publisher = sv,
month = sep, year = 1987
}

@proceedings{IJCAI83,
title = IJCAI,
booktitle = IJCAI,
editor = "Alan Bundy",
month = aug, year = 1983,
address = "Karlsruhe, West Germany",
publisher = "William Kaufman",
}

@proceedings{IMSA92,
title = "Reflection and Meta-Level Architecture: Proceedings of the International Workshop on New Models
for Software Architecture '92",
booktitle = "Reflection and Meta-Level Architecture: Proceedings of the International Workshop on New Models
for Software Architecture '92",
key = "{IMSA}",
month = nov, year = 1992,
address = "Tokyo, Japan",
editor = "Akinori Yonezawa and Brian C. Smith",
organization = "Research Institute of Software Engineering ({RISE})
and Information-Technology Promotion Agency, Japan ({IPA}), in
cooperation with {ACM SIGPLAN}, {JSSST}, {IPSJ}."
}

@proceedings{ISCA90,
title = "17th Annual " # CA,
booktitle = "17th Annual " # CA,
key = "{CA}",
address = "Seattle, Washington", 
month = May,  year = 1990,
publisher = "{IEEE} Computer Society Press"
}

@proceedings{ISCA91,
title = "18th Annual " # CA,
booktitle = "18th Annual " # CA,
key = "{ISCA}",
address = "Toronto, Canada", 
month = May, year = 1991,
publisher = "{ACM} Press"
}

@proceedings{ISCA92,
title = "19th Annual " # CA,
booktitle = "19th Annual " # CA,
key = "{ISCA}",
address = "Gold Coast, Australia", 
month = May,  year = 1992,
publisher = "{ACM} Press"
}

@proceedings{ISCA93,
title = "20th Annual " # CA,
booktitle = "20th Annual " # CA,
key = "{ISCA}",
address = "San Diego, California", 
month = May, year = 1993,
publisher = "{IEEE} Computer Society Press"
}

@proceedings{ISCA94,
title = "21st Annual " # CA,
booktitle = "21st Annual " # CA,
key = "{ISCA}",
address = "Chicago, Illinois", 
month = apr, year = 1994,
publisher = "{IEEE} Computer Society Press"
}

@proceedings{IWMM92,
title = IWMM,
booktitle = IWMM,
editor = "Yves Bekkers and Jacques Cohen",
key = "{IWMM}",
month = sep, year = 1992,
address = "St. Malo, France",
publisher = SV,
series = LNCS,
number = 637
}

@proceedings{IWMM95,
title = IWMM,
booktitle = IWMM,
editor = "Henry Baker",
key = "{IWMM}",
month = sep, year = 1995,
address = "Scotland",
publisher = SV,
series = LNCS
}

@proceedings{IWOOOS91,
title = IWOOOS,
booktitle = IWOOOS,
key = "{IWOOOS}",
month = Oct,
year = 1991,
address = "Palo Alto, California",
publisher = "{IEEE} Press"
}

@proceedings{IWOOOS92,
title = IWOOOS,
booktitle = IWOOOS,
key = "{IWOOOS}",
month = sep, year = 1992,
address = "Paris, France",
publisher = "{IEEE} Press"
}

@proceedings{LFP82,
title = "Conference Record of the " # 1982 # " " # LFP,
booktitle = "Conference Record of the " # 1982 # " " # LFP,
key = "{LFP}",
month = aug, year = 1982,
address = "Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania",
publisher = ACM,
}

@proceedings{LFP84,
title = "Conference Record of the " # 1984 # " " # LFP,
booktitle = "Conference Record of the " # 1984 # " " # LFP,
key = "{LFP}",
month = aug, year = 1984,
address = "Austin, Texas",
publisher = ACM
}

@proceedings{LFP86,
title = "Conference Record of the " # 1986 # " " # LFP,
booktitle = "Conference Record of the " # 1986 # " " # LFP,
key = "{LFP}",
month = aug, year = 1986,
address = "Cambridge, Massachusetts",
publisher = ACM
}

@proceedings{LFP88,
title = "Conference Record of the " # 1988 # " " # LFP,
booktitle = "Conference Record of the " # 1988 # " " # LFP,
key = "{LFP}",
month = jul, year = 1988,
address = "Snowbird, Utah",
publisher = ACM
}

@proceedings{LFP90,
title = "Conference Record of the " # 1990 # " " # LFP,
booktitle = "Conference Record of the " # 1990 # " " # LFP,
key = "{LFP}",
month = jun, year = 1990,
address = "Nice, France",
publisher = ACM
}

@proceedings{LFP92,
title = "Conference Record of the " # 1992 # " " # LFP,
booktitle = "Conference Record of the " # 1992 # " " # LFP,
key = "{LFP}",
month = jun, year = 1992,
address = "San Francisco, California",
publisher = ACM
}

@proceedings{OOPSLA86,
title =  OOPSLA # " ({OOPSLA} '86) Proceedings",
booktitle = OOPSLA # " ({OOPSLA} '86) Proceedings",
key = "{OOPSLA}",
month = oct, year = 1986,
publisher = ACM,
note = "Published as {\em {SIGPLAN} Notices 21}(11), November 1986."
}

@proceedings{OOPSLA87,
title = OOPSLA # " ({OOPSLA} '87) Proceedings",
booktitle = OOPSLA # " ({OOPSLA} '87) Proceedings",
editor = "Norman Meyrowitz",
month = oct, year = 1987,
address = "Orlando, Florida",
publisher = ACM,
note = "Published as {\em {SIGPLAN} Notices 22}(12), December 1987."
}

@proceedings{OOPSLA87Add,
title = "{OOPSLA} '87 Addendum to the Proceedings",
booktitle = "{OOPSLA} '87 Addendum to the Proceedings",
editor = "Leigh Power and Zvi Weiss",
month = oct, year = 1987,
address = "Orlando, Florida",
publisher = ACM,
note = "Published as {\em {SIGPLAN} Notices 23}(5), May 1988."
}

@proceedings{OOPSLA88,
title  = OOPSLA # " ({OOPSLA} '88) Proceedings",
booktitle = OOPSLA # " ({OOPSLA} '88) Proceedings",
editor = "Norman Meyrowitz",
month = sep, year = 1988,
address = "San Diego, California",
publisher = ACM,
note = "Published as {\em {SIGPLAN} Notices 23}(11), November 1988."
}

@proceedings{OOPSLA89,
title = OOPSLA # " ({OOPSLA} '89) Proceedings",
booktitle = OOPSLA # " ({OOPSLA} '89) Proceedings",
key = "{OOPSLA}",
year = 1989,
publisher = ACM,
address = "New Orleans, Louisiana"
}

@proceedings{OOPSLA/ECOOP90,
title = OOPSLA # "/" # ECOOP # " ({OOPSLA/ECOOP} '90) Proceedings",
booktitle  = OOPSLA # "/" # ECOOP # " ({OOPSLA/ECOOP} '90) Proceedings",
editor = "Norman Meyrowitz",
month = oct, year = 1990,
address = "Ottawa, Ontario",
publisher = ACM,
note = "Published as {\em {SIGPLAN} Notices 25}(10), October 1990."
}

@proceedings{OOPSLA/ECOOP90Add,
title = "{OOPSLA/ECOOP} '90 Addendum to the Proceedings",
booktitle = "{OOPSLA/ECOOP} '90 Addendum to the Proceedings",
editor = "Jerry L. Archibald and K. C. Burgess Yakemovic",
month = oct, year = 1990,
address = "Ottawa, Ontario",
publisher = ACM,
note = "Published as a special issue of {\em {SIGPLAN} Notices}, 1991."
}

@proceedings{OOPSLAGC90,
title = "{OOPSLA/ECOOP} '90 Workshop on Garbage Collection in
Object-Oriented Systems",
booktitle = "{OOPSLA/ECOOP} '90 Workshop on Garbage Collection in
Object-Oriented Systems",
key = "{OOPSLA/ECOOP}",
month = oct, year = 1990,
note = "Available for anonymous internet {FTP} from cs.utexas.edu in
/pub/garbage/GC90"
}

@proceedings{OOPSLA91,
title =  OOPSLA # " ({OOPSLA} '91)",
booktitle = OOPSLA # " ({OOPSLA} '91)",
editor = "Andreas Paepcke", 
month = oct, year = 1991,
address = "Phoenix, Arizona",
publisher = ACM,
note = "Published as {\em {SIGPLAN} Notices 26}(11), November 1991."
}

@proceedings{OOPSLA91Add,
title = "{OOPSLA} '91 Addendum to the Proceedings",
booktitle = "{OOPSLA} '91 Addendum to the Proceedings",
editor = "Jerry L. Archibald",
month = oct, year = 1991,
address = "Phoenix, Arizona",
publisher = ACM,
note = "Published as {\em {OOPS} Messenger 3}(4), October 1992."
}

@proceedings{OOPSLAGC91,
title = "{OOPSLA} '91 Workshop on Garbage Collection in
Object-Oriented Systems",
booktitle = "{OOPSLA} '91 Workshop on Garbage Collection in
Object-Oriented Systems",
key = "{OOPSLAGC}",
month = oct, year = 1991,
note = "Available for anonymous {FTP} from cs.utexas.edu in
/pub/garbage/GC91"
}

@proceedings{OOPSLA92,
title = OOPSLA # " ({OOPSLA} '92)",
booktitle = OOPSLA # " ({OOPSLA} '92)",
editor = "Andreas Paepcke",
month = oct, year = 1992,
address = "Vancouver, British Columbia",
publisher = ACM,
note = "Published as {\em {SIGPLAN} Notices 27}(10), October 1992."
}

@proceedings{OOPSLA92add,
title = "{OOPSLA} '92 Addendum to the Proceedings",
booktitle = "{OOPSLA} '92 Addendum to the Proceedings",
editor = "Jerry L. Archibald and Mark C. Wilkes",
month = oct, year = 1992,
address = "Vancouver, British Columbia",
publisher = ACM,
note = "Published as {\em {OOPS} Messenger 4}(2), April 1993."
}

@proceedings{OOPSLA93,
title = OOPSLA # " ({OOPSLA}) '93",
booktitle = OOPSLA # " ({OOPSLA}) '93",
editor = "Andreas Paepke",
month = sep, year = 1993,
address = "Washington, {D. C.}",
note = "Published as {\em {SIGPLAN} Notices 28}(10), October 1993."
}

@proceedings{OOPSLAGC93,
title = "{OOPSLA} '93 Workshop on Memory Management and Garbage
Collection",
booktitle = "{OOPSLA} '93 Workshop on Memory Management and Garbage
Collection",
key = "{OOPSLAGC}",
month = oct, year = 1993,
note = "Available for anonymous {FTP} from cs.utexas.edu in
/pub/garbage/GC93"
}

@proceedings{PARLE87,
title = PARLE,
booktitle = PARLE,
editor = "Jacobus W. de Bakker and L. Nijman and Philip C. Treleaven",
month = jun, year = 1987,
address = "Eindhoven, The Netherlands",
publisher = sv,
series = lncs,
number = "258, 259",
}

@proceedings{PARLE89,
title = PARLE,
booktitle = PARLE,
editor = "Eddy Odijik and M. Rem and Jean-Claude Sayr",
address = "Eindhoven, The Netherlands",
year = 1989, month = jun,
publisher = sv,
series = lncs,
number = "365, 366"
}
@proceedings{PDD88,
title = "{ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS} Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Debugging",
booktitle = "{ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS} Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Debugging",
key = "{PDD}",
month = may, year = 1988,
address = "Madison, Wisconsin",
note = "Published as {\em SIGPLAN Notices 24}(1), January, 1989"
}

@proceedings{POS4,
title = "Implementing Persistent Object Bases:  Principles and Practice
(Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Persistent Object
Systems)",
booktitle = "Implementing Persistent Object Bases:  Principles and Practice
(Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Persistent Object
Systems)",
editor = "Alan Dearle and Gail M. Shaw and Stanley B. Zdonik",
address = "Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts",
publisher = "Morgan Kaufman",
month = sep, year = 1990,
}

@proceedings{POS5,
title = "Fifth International Workshop on Persistent Object Systems",
booktitle = "Fifth International Workshop on Persistent Object Systems",
key = "{POS5}",
month = sep, year = 1992,
address = "San Miniato, Italy",
editor = "Antonio Albano and Ron Morrison",
publisher = SV
}

@proceedings{PPoPP93,
title = "Proceedings of the Fourth {ACM SIGPLAN} Symposium on " #
PPOPP # " ({PPOPP})",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourth " # PPOPP # " ({PPOPP})",
key = "{PPOPP}",
address = "San Diego, California",
month = may, year = 1993,
publisher = ACM,
note = "Published as {\em {SIGPLAN} Notices 28}(7), July 1993."
}

@proceedings{POPL76,
title = "Conference Record of the Third Annual " # POPL,
booktitle = "Conference Record of the Third Annual " # POPL,
key = "{POPL}",
address = "Atlanta, Georgia",
month = jan, year = 1976,
publisher = ACM
}

@proceedings{POPL81,
title = "Conference Record of the Eighth Annual " # POPL,
booktitle = "Conference Record of the Eighth Annual " # POPL,
key = "{POPL}",
year = 1981,
publisher = ACM
}

@proceedings{POPL82,
title = "Conference Record of the Ninth Annual " # POPL,
booktitle = "Conference Record of the Ninth Annual " # POPL,
key = "{POPL}",
address = "Albuquerque, New Mexico",
month = jan, year = 1982,
publisher = ACM
}

@proceedings{POPL84,
title = "Conference Record of the Eleventh Annual " # POPL,
booktitle = "Conference Record of the Eleventh Annual " # POPL,
key = "{POPL}",
month = jan, year = 1984, 
address = "Salt Lake City, Utah",
publisher = ACM
}

@proceedings{POPL85,
title = "Conference Record of the Twelfth Annual " # POPL,
booktitle = "Conference Record of the Twelfth Annual " # POPL,
key = "{POPL}",
month = jan, year = 1985, 
address = "New Orleans, Louisiana",
publisher = ACM
}

@proceedings{POPL87,
title = "Conference Record of the Fourteenth Annual " # POPL,
booktitle = "Conference Record of the Fourteenth Annual " # POPL,
key = "{POPL}",
month = jan, year = 1987,
publisher = ACM,
}

@proceedings{POPL88,
title = "Conference Record of the Fifteenth Annual " # POPL,
booktitle = "Conference Record of the Fifteenth Annual " # POPL,
key = "{POPL}",
month = jan, year = 1988,
address = "San Diego, California",
publisher = ACM
}

@proceedings{POPL90,
title = "Conference Record of the Seventeenth Annual " # POPL,
booktitle = "Conference Record of the Seventeenth Annual " # POPL,
key = "{POPL}",
month = jan, year = 1990, 
address = "San Francisco, California",
publisher = ACM
}

@proceedings{POPL92,
title = "Conference Record of the Nineteenth Annual " # POPL,
booktitle = "Conference Record of the Nineteenth Annual " # POPL,
key = "{POPL}",
month = jan, year = 1992, 
publisher = ACM
}

@proceedings{PLDI88,
title = "Proceedings of the " # 1988 # " " # PLDI,
booktitle = "Proceedings of the " # 1988 # " " # PLDI,
key = "{PLDI}",
month = jun, year = 1988,
address = "Atlanta, Georgia",
publisher = ACM,
}

@proceedings{PLDI89,
title = "Proceedings of the " # 1989 # " " # PLDI,
booktitle = "Proceedings of the " # 1989 # " " # PLDI,
key = "{PLDI}",
month = jun, year = 1989,
address = "Portland, Oregon",
publisher = ACM,
note = "Published as {\em {SIGPLAN} Notices 24}(7), July 1989."
}

@proceedings{PLDI90,
title = "Proceedings of the " # 1990 # " " # PLDI,
booktitle = "Proceedings of the " # 1990 # " " # PLDI,
key = "{PLDI}",
month = jun, year = 1990,
address = "White Plains, New York",
publisher = ACM,
note = "Published as {\em {SIGPLAN} Notices 25}(6), June 1990."
}

@proceedings{PLDI91,
title = "Proceedings of the " # 1991 # " " # PLDI,
booktitle = "Proceedings of the " # 1991 # " " # PLDI,
key = "{PLDI}",
month = jun, year = 1991,
address = "Toronto, Ontario",
publisher = ACM,
note = "Published as {\em {SIGPLAN} Notices 26}(6), June 1992."
}

@proceedings{PLDI92,
title = "Proceedings of the " # 1992 # " " # PLDI,
booktitle = "Proceedings of the " # 1992 # " " # PLDI,
key = "{PLDI}",
month = jun, year = 1992,
address = "San Francisco, California",
publisher = ACM
}

@proceedings{PLDI93,
title = "Proceedings of the " # 1993 # " " # PLDI,
booktitle = "Proceedings of the " # 1993 # " " # PLDI,
key = "{PLDI}",
month = jun, year = 1993,
address = "Albuquerque, New Mexico",
publisher = ACM
}

@proceedings{PLDI95,
title = "Proceedings of the " # 1995 # " " # PLDI,
booktitle = "Proceedings of the " # 1995 # " " # PLDI,
key = "{PLDI}",
month = jun, year = 1995,
address = "La Jolla, California",
publisher = ACM
}

@proceedings{PLDI94,
title = "Proceedings of the " # 1994 # " " # PLDI,
booktitle = "Proceedings of the " # 1994 # " " # PLDI,
key = "{PLDI}",
year = 1994, month = jun,
address = "Orlando, Florida",
publisher = ACM
}

@proceedings{SESPSDE87,
title = "{ACM SIGSOFT/SIGPLAN} Software Engineering Symposium on Practical
Software Development Environments",
booktitle = "{ACM SIGSOFT/SIGPLAN} Software Engineering Symposium on Practical
Software Development Environments",
key = "{SESPSDE}",
publisher = ACM,
month = apr, year = 1984,
note = "Published as {\em ACM SIGPLAN Notices 19}(5), May, 1987",
}

@proceedings{SIIT87,
title = "{SIGPLAN} 1987 Symposium on Interpreters and Interpretive Techniques",
booktitle = "{SIGPLAN} 1987 Symposium on Interpreters and Interpretive Techniques",
key = "{SIIT}",
publisher = ACM,
month = jun, year = 1987,
address = "Saint Paul, Minnesota",
note = "Published as {\em {SIGPLAN} Notices 22}(7), July 1987"
}

@proceedings{SOSP83,
title = "Proceedings of the Ninth " # SOSP,
booktitle = "Proceedings of the Ninth " # SOSP,
key = "{SOSP}",
month = oct, year = 1983,
address = "Bretton Woods, New Hampshire",
publisher = ACM,
note = "Published as {\em Operating Systems Review 17}(5), October 1983",
}

@proceedings{SOSP87,
title = "Proceedings of the Eleventh " # SOSP,
booktitle = "Proceedings of the Eleventh " # SOSP,
key = "{SOSP}",
month = nov, year = 1987,
address = "Austin, Texas",
publisher = ACM,
note = "Published as {\em Operating Systems Review 21}(5), November 1987",
}

@proceedings{SOSP89,
title = "Proceedings of the Twelfth " # SOSP,
booktitle = "Proceedings of the Twelfth " # SOSP,
key = "{SOSP}",
month = dec, year = 1989
}

@proceedings{SOSP91,
title = "Proceedings of the Thirteenth " # SOSP,
booktitle = "Proceedings of the Thirteenth " # SOSP,
key = "{SOSP}",
month = oct, year = 1991,
publisher = ACM,
address = "Pacific Grove, California",
note = "Published as {\em Operating Systems Review 25}(5)"
}

@proceedings{SOSP93,
title = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth " # SOSP,
booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth " # SOSP,
key = "{SOSP}",
month = dec, year = 1993,
publisher = ACM,
address = "Asheville, North Carolina",
note = "Published as {\em Operating Systems Review 27}(5)"
}

@proceedings{USENIXC++92,
title = "{USENIX} {C}++ Conference",
booktitle = "{USENIX} {C}++ Conference",
organization = "{USENIX} Association",
address = "Portland, Oregon",
month = aug, year = 1992
}

@proceedings{USENIXS85,
title = "{USENIX} Summer 1985 Technical Conference",
address = "Portland, Oregon",
publisher = "{USENIX} Association",
month = jun, year = 1985
}

@proceedings{USENIXS88,
title = "{USENIX} Summer 1985 Technical Conference",
address = "San Francisco, California",
publisher = "{USENIX} Association",
month = jun, year = 1988
}

@proceedings{USENIXS90,
title = "{USENIX} Summer 1990 Technical Conference",
address = "Anaheim, California",
publisher = "{USENIX} Association",
month = jun, year = 1985,
}

@proceedings{USENIXW92,
title = "{USENIX} Winter 1992 Technical Conference",
address = "San Francisco, California",
publisher = "{USENIX} Association",
month = jan, year = 1992
}

@proceedings{USENIXS92,
title = "{USENIX} Summer 1992 Technical Conference",
address = "San Antonio, Texas",
publisher = "{USENIX} Association",
month = jun, year = 1992
}

@proceedings{USENIXW93,
title = "{USENIX} Winter 1993 Technical Conference",
publisher = "{USENIX} Association",
address = "San Diego, California",
month = jan, year = 1993
}

@proceedings{USENIXS93,
title = "{USENIX} Summer 1993 Technical Conference",
address = "Cincinatti, Ohio",
publisher = "{USENIX} Association",
month = jun, year = 1993
}

@proceedings{USENIXW94,
title = "{USENIX} Winter 1994 Technical Conference",
address = "San Francisco, California",
publisher = "{USENIX} Association",
month = jan, year = 1994
}