PPT Slide
Program - ({states}, {operations}, ordering relation)
state - assignment of values to variables
initial state - what is known
final state - what is desired
operations - transformations on variables which transition the
program from one state to another.
ordering relation - specification of the sequence in which operations
A correct program transforms its initial state into a valid final state.
Operations and programs are equivalent. Operations are programs which
transform subsets of the the state of the containing program.
Objects and programs are equivalent. The methods of objects transform the
of an instance of an object.
Ordering relations (implemented in Java with control flow statements),
compose operations on subsets of the state into programs
over the entire program state.