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1958-67
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Formation
of ARPA and design stage of ARPANET
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1958
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Eisenhower
forms the ARPA (Advance Research Projects Agency) in response to the USSR's
launch of the Sputnik. |
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1966
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December: ARPA Computer
Network (ARPANET) project begins. |
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1967
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April: It
is suggested that the ARPANET utilize a separate computer between the host
and the network. This computer would perform the packet switching/routing.
This separate computer dubbed the Interface Message Processor or IMP.
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1968-69
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First
specification released by BBN. The first nodes of ARPANET are
installed.
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1968
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December:Contract
to build the IMPs is won by Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc. (BBN) |
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1969
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April: First specification
for Host to IMP communication (BBN report 1822) is released.
April: The discussion of the Host to Host Protocol begins with
RFC 1. The Network Working Group (NWG) forms to deal with the task
of Host-Host layer communication protocols.
September: The first IMP is delivered and connected to a Sigma
7 computer at UCLA. This IMP constitutes the first node of the ARPANET.
It is also the home of the Network Measurement Center, which will keep
statistics, stress the network, and evaluate network performance.
October: The second node of the ARPANET is installed at Stanford
Research Institute (SRI). The IMP is connected to an SDS 940 Computer.
The first message is sent across the network and received.
November: The third node of the ARPANET is installed at UCSB.
December: The fourth node of the ARPANET is installed at The University
of Utah. |
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1970-71
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The
Network expands and new problems are revealed.
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1970
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The network
is stressed by inducing congestion. Several problems are revealed.
March: The ARPANET now spans the United States, with the
installation of an IMP at BBN, in Cambridge, MA.
March?: The Network Control Center (NCC) at BBN begins operation.
All IMPs have to report to the NCC every minute to confirm they are alive.
November: The IMP's software is upgraded to allow the IMPs to be
able to download any new software from each other. This allows IMP software
to be installed on one IMP, and the software will propagate throughout
the IMP-subnet. Likewise, if a problem occurs, and an IMP needs
to restore its software, it can download it from a neighboring IMP.
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1971-72
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Network
Control Protocol and basic email programs are implemented.
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1971
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The first
host to host protocol is implemented, NCP (Network Control Protocol).
September: The Terminal IMP (TIP) is installed in the ARPANET,
allowing direct terminal access to the network. |
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1972
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March: SNDMSG and READMAIL
are written, allowing the first basic e-mail system.
July: The first File Transfer Protocol (FTP) specification is released
(RFC 354).
October: First public demonstration of ARPANET occurs at the International
Conference on Computer Communication (ICCC), Washington. |
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1973-78
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Internetworking
becomes a reality and TCP emerges.
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1973
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The first
attempt at Internetworking two networks (ARPANET and Packet Radio Network)
begins.
May: First Ethernet operation at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center.
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1974
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April: BBN releases a
revised routing program for the IMPs.
May: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), is specified. This
protocol would replace the NCP, and allows for Internetworking.
The protocol also takes over error-checking duties from the IMP-subnet. |
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1977
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October: TCP operations
begins over the ARPANET, Packet Radio Net, and the Satellite Network (SATNET). |
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1978
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March: TCP
split into TCP and IP, where TCP is the end to end process, and IP is the
network routing process. |
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1983-89
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The
demise of the ARPANET.
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1983
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MILNET (Military
Network) splits off of ARPANET, leaving the ARPANET with 68 Nodes.
The two networks are connected by a gateway.
January: The ARPANET officially transitions to TCP/IP.
November: Domain Name System (DNS) is designed. (.com, .gov,
.mil, .org, .net, .int) |
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1989
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After 20 years, ARPANET is shutdown. |
