Computer Science

Computer Science is no more about computers than astronomy is about telescopes.
     -- Edsger W. Dijkstra

There are two ways of constructing a software design: one way is to make it so simple that there are obviously no deficiencies and the other way is to make it so complicated that there are no obvious deficiencies.
     -- C. A. R. Hoare

I am a design chauvinist. I believe that good design is magical and not to be lightly tinkered with. The difference between a great design and a lousy one is in the meshing of the thousand details that either fit or don't, and the spirit of the passionate intellect that has tied them together, or tried. That's why programming -- or buying software -- on the basis of "lists of features" is a doomed and misguided effort. The features can be thrown together, as in a garbage can, or carefully laid together and interwoven in elegant unification, as in APL, or the Forth language, or the game of chess.
     -- Ted Nelson

You think you know when you learn, are more sure when you can write, even more when you can teach, but certain when you can program.
     -- Alan J. Perlis

As soon as we started programming, we found to our surprise that it wasn't as easy to get programs right as we had thought. Debugging had to be discovered. I can remember the exact instant when I realized that a large part of my life from then on was going to be spent in finding mistakes in my own programs.
     -- Maurice Wilkes

It is practically impossible to teach good programming style to students that have had prior exposure to BASIC; as potential programmers they are mentally mutilated beyond hope of regeneration.
     -- Edsger W. Dijkstra

Even though it is almost always better for computer scientists to start counting at 0, the rest of the world will probably never change to 0-origin indexing. Even Edsger Dijkstra counts "1-2-3-4 | 1-2-3-4" when he plays the piano!
     -- Donald Knuth

The nice thing about standards is that there are so many of them to choose from.
     -- Andrew S. Tanenbaum

Hofstadter's Law: Any computer project will take twice as long as you think it will even when you take into account Hofstadter's Law.
     -- Douglas Hofstadter

Fast, fat computers breed slow, lazy programmers.
     -- Robert Hummel

All programmers are playwrights and all computers are lousy actors.
     -- unknown

To err is human -- and to blame it on a computer is even more so.
     -- Orben's Current Comedy

To err is human, but to really foul things up requires a computer.
     -- Farmers' Almanac, 1978

Man is the best computer we can put aboard a spacecraft... and the only one that can be mass produced with unskilled labor.
     -- Wernher von Braun

Computers are useless. They can only give you answers.
     -- Pablo Picasso

Mathematics

Mathematics is often defined as the science of space and number [...] It was not until the recent resonance of computers and mathematics that a more apt definition became fully evident: mathematics is the science of patterns.
     -- Lynn Arthur Steen

The shortest path between two truths in the real domain passes through the complex domain.
     -- Jacques Hadamard

Science

Science: Motivation

"Necessity is the mother of invention" is a silly proverb. "Necessity is the mother of futile dodges" is much closer to the truth. The basis of growth of modern invention is science, and science is almost wholly the outgrowth of pleasurable intellectual curiosity.
     -- Alfred North Whitehead

The scientist does not study nature because it is useful; he studies it because he delights in it, and he delights in it because it is beautiful. If nature were not beautiful, it would not be worth knowing, and if nature were not worth knowing, life would not be worth living.
     -- Jules-Henri Poincaré

The important thing is not to stop questioning. Curiosity has its own reasons for existing. One cannot help but be in awe when he contemplates the mysteries of eternity, of life, of the marvelous structure of reality. It is enough if one tries to comprehend a little of this mystery every day. Never lose a holy curiosity.
     -- Albert Einstein

I want to know how God created this world. I am not interested in this or that phenomenon, in the spectrum of this or that element. I want to know His thoughts; the rest are details.
     -- Albert Einstein

I don't know what I may seem to the world, but, as to myself, I seem to have been only like a boy playing on the sea shore, and diverting myself in now and then finding a smoother pebble or a prettier shell than ordinary, whilst the great ocean of truth lay all undiscovered before me.
     -- Isaac Newton

Science: Discovery and Creativity

I keep the subject of my inquiry constantly before me, and wait till the first dawning opens gradually, by little and little, into a full and clear light.
     -- Isaac Newton

The most exciting phrase to hear in science, the one that heralds new discoveries, is not "Eureka!" (I found it!) but "That's funny ..."
     -- Isaac Asimov

Research is what I'm doing when I don't know what I'm doing.
     -- Wernher von Braun

Discovery consists of seeing what everybody has seen and thinking what nobody has thought.
     -- Albert von Szent-Gyorgyi

The more original a discovery, the more obvious it seems afterwards.
     -- Arthur Koestler

Einstein didn't go around wracking his brain, muttering to himself, "How, oh how, can I come up with a Great Idea?" [...] The bottom line is that invention is much more like falling off a log than like sawing one in two. Despite Thomas Alva Edison's memorable remark, "Genius is 2 percent inspiration and 98 percent perspiration," we're not all going to become geniuses simply by sweating more or resolving to try harder. A mind follows its path of least resistance, and it's when it feels easiest that it is most likely being its most creative. Or, as Mozart used to say, things should "flow like oil" -- and Mozart ought to know! Trying harder is not the name of the game; the trick is getting the right concept to begin with, so that making variations on it is like taking candy from a baby.
     -- Douglas R. Hofstadter

The secret of genius is knowing how to hide your sources.
     -- Albert Einstein

I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious.
     -- Albert Einstein

Intelligence is the ability to perceive patterns. Genius is the ability to perceive patterns where the bulk of mankind cannot. Scholarship is the ability to perceive patterns where there aren't any.
     -- Michael J. Moran

Science: What defines it

The difference between science and the fuzzy subjects is that science requires reasoning while those other subjects merely require scholarship.
     -- Robert Heinlein

Science is built of facts the way a house is built of bricks, but an accumulation of facts is no more science than a pile of bricks is a house.
     -- Jules-Henri Poincaré

If it disagrees with experiment it is wrong. In that simple statement is the key to science. It does not make any difference how beautiful your guess is. It does not make any difference how smart you are, [or] who made the guess... if it disagrees with experiment it is wrong. That is all there is to it.
     -- Richard P. Feynman

For a successful technology, reality must take precedence over public relations, for nature cannot be fooled.
     -- Richard P. Feynman

I often say that when you can measure what you are speaking about, and express it in numbers, you know something about it; but when you cannot express it in numbers, your knowledge is of a meagre and unsatisfactory kind ...
     -- Lord Kelvin

The aims of scientific thought are to see the general in the particular and the eternal in the transitory.
     -- Alfred North Whitehead

Science is the topography of ignorance.
     -- Oliver Wendell Holmes

Religions die when they are proved to be true. Science is the record of dead religions.
     -- Oscar Wilde

Science: Certainty

As far as the laws of mathematics refer to reality, they are not certain, and as far as they are certain, they do not refer to reality.
     -- Albert Einstein

Science does not deal in certainty, so "fact" can only mean a proposition affirmed to such a high degree that it would be perverse to withhold one's provisional assent.
     -- Stephen Jay Gould

Science: Miscellaneous

Clarke's First Law: When a distinguished but elderly scientist states that something is possible, he is almost certainly right. When he states that something is impossible, he is very probably wrong.
     -- Arthur C. Clarke

We all agree that your theory is crazy. The question which divides us is whether it is crazy enough.
     -- Niels Bohr to Wolfgang Pauli

Humans are not the end result of predictable evolutionary progress, but rather a fortuitous cosmic afterthought, a tiny little twig on the enormously arborescent bush of life, which if replanted from seed, would almost surely not grow this twig again.
     -- Stephen Jay Gould

What mutation instigates,
   Recombination escalates.
What selection confiscates,
   Isolation speciates.
     -- P. Gastonguay

Arts

Art is a lie that makes us realize the truth.
     -- Pablo Picasso

Not only does one not retain all at once the truly rare works, but even within such works it is the least precious parts that one perceives first. Less deceptive than life, these great masterpieces do not give us their best at the beginning.
     -- Marcel Proust

I am enough of an artist to draw freely upon my imagination. Imagination is more important than knowledge. Knowledge is limited. Imagination encircles the world.
     -- Albert Einstein

All art is autobiographical. The pearl is the oyster's autobiography.
     -- Federico Fellini

I paint objects as I think them, not as I see them.
     -- Pablo Picasso

There is no excellent beauty that hath not some strangeness in the proportion.
     -- Francis Bacon

Beauty and music seduce us first; later, ashamed of our own sensuality, we insist on meaning.
     -- Clive Barker

Education

I have never let my schooling interfere with my education.
     -- Mark Twain

The mind is not a vessel to be filled, but a fire to be kindled.
     -- Plutarch

The whole art of teaching is only the art of awakening the natural curiosity of young minds for the purpose of satisfying it afterwards.
     -- Anatole France

Education does not consist merely in adorning the memory and enlightening the understanding. Its main business should be to direct the will.
     -- Joseph Joubert

One should guard against preaching to young people success in the customary form as the main aim in life. The most important motive for work in school and in life is pleasure in work, pleasure in its result, and the knowledge of the value of the result to the community.
     -- Albert Einstein

A child's world is fresh and new and beautiful, full of wonder and excitement. It is our misfortune that for most of us that clear-eyed vision, that true instinct for what is beautiful and awe-inspiring, is dimmed and even lost before we reach adulthood. If I had influence with the good fairy who is supposed to preside over the christening of all children I should ask that her gift to each child in the world be a sense of wonder so indestructible that it would last throughout life, as an unfailing antidote against the boredom and disenchantments of later years, the sterile preoccupation with things that are artificial, the alienation from the sources of our strength.
     -- Rachel Carson

May, in spite of all distractions generated by technology, all of you succeed in turning information into knowledge, knowledge into understanding, and understanding into wisdom.
     -- Edsger W. Dijkstra, concluding a graduation speech.

We shall not cease from exploration
And the end of all our exploring
Will be to arrive where we started
And know the place for the first time.
     -- Thomas Stearns Eliot,  Four Quartets

Know thyself.
     -- Oracle of Delphi

Mankind

Know then thyself, presume not God to scan,
The proper study of mankind is Man.
Placed on this isthmus of a middle state,
A being darkly wise and rudely great:
With too much knowledge for the Sceptic side,
With too much weakness for the Stoic's pride,
He hangs between; in doubt to act or rest,
In doubt to deem himself a God or Beast,
In doubt his mind or body to prefer;
Born but to die, and reasoning but to err;
Alike in ignorance, his reason such
Whether he thinks too little or too much:
Chaos of thought and passion, all confused;
Still by himself abused, or disabused:
Created half to rise and half to fall;
Great lord of all things, yet a prey to all;
Sole judge of truth, in endless error hurled;
The glory, jest, and riddle of the world!
     -- Alexander Pope,  An Essay on Man

Man is the only animal that blushes. Or needs to.
     -- Mark Twain

Freedom

Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high,
Where knowledge is free,
Where the world is not broken up by narrow domestic walls,
Where words spring from the depths of truth,
Where the clear stream of reason has not lost its way in the dreary sand of dead habit,
Where tireless striving stretches its arms towards perfection,
Where the mind is led by Thee into ever widening thought and action,
Into that Heaven of freedom, my Father, let my country awake.
     -- Rabindranath Tagore,  Gitanjali

Eternal vigilance is the price of liberty.
     -- Thomas Jefferson

None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license.
     -- John Milton

Ethics

I have gained this by philosophy: that I do without being commanded what others do only from fear of the law.
     -- Aristotle

The superior man does not set his mind either for anything, or against anything; what is right he will follow.
     -- Confucious

The ideals which have always shone before me and filled me with the joy of living are goodness, beauty, and truth. To make a goal of comfort or happiness has never appealed to me; a system of ethics built on this basis would be sufficient only for a herd of cattle.
     -- Albert Einstein

This above all: to thine ownself be true,
And it must follow, as the night the day,
Thou canst not then be false to any man.
     -- William Shakespeare,  Hamlet 1:3

Nearly all men can stand adversity, but if you want to test a man's character, give him power.
     -- Abraham Lincoln

Excellence is an art won by training and habituation. We do not act rightly because we have virtue or excellence, but we rather have those because we have acted rightly. We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act but a habit.
     -- Aristotle

Perfection of means and confusion of ends seem to characterize our age.
     -- Albert Einstein

Religion

The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious. Herein lies the germ of all art and all true science. Anyone to whom this feeling is alien, who is no longer capable of wonderment and lives in a state of fear is a dead man. To know that what is impenetrable for us really exists and manifests itself as the highest wisdom and the most radiant beauty, whose gross forms alone are intelligible to our poor faculties -- this knowledge, this feeling ... that is the core of the true religious sentiment. In this sense, and in this sense alone, I rank myself among profoundly religious men.
     -- Albert Einstein

Science without religion is lame; religion without science is blind.
     -- Albert Einstein

Intelligence makes clear to us the interrelationship of means and ends. But mere thinking cannot give us a sense of the ultimate and fundamental ends. To make clear these fundamental ends and valuations and to set them fast in the emotional life of the individual, seems to me precisely the most important function which religion has to form in the social life of man.
     -- Albert Einstein

Happiness

You're bound to be unhappy if you optimize everything.
     -- Donald E. Knuth

Most people are about as happy as they make up their minds to be.
     -- Abraham Lincoln

The greater part of our happiness or misery depends on our dispositions and not our circumstances.
     -- Martha Washington

Happiness for a bee or a dolphin is simply to exist: for a man it is to know and to wonder.
     -- Jaques-Yves Cousteau

All we need to make us really happy is something to be enthusiastic about.
     -- Albert Einstein

Don't aim at success -- the more you aim at it and make it a target, the more you are going to miss it. For success, like happiness, cannot be pursued; it must ensue... as the unintended side-effect of one's personal dedication to a cause greater than oneself.
     -- Viktor Frankl

Life at its noblest leaves mere happiness far behind; and indeed cannot endure it. Happiness is not the object of life: life has no object: it is an end in itself; and courage consists in the readiness to sacrifice happiness for an intenser quality of life.
     -- George Bernard Shaw

In much wisdom is much grief: and he that increaseth knowledge increaseth sorrow.
     -- Ecclesiastes 1:18

Persistence

You are what your deep, driving desire is.
As your desire is, so is your will.
As your will is, so is your deed.
As your deed is, so is your destiny.
     -- Brihadaranyaka Upanishad IV:4.5

Nothing in the world can take the place of persistence. Talent will not; nothing is more common than unsuccessful men with talent. Genius will not; unrewarded genius is almost a proverb. Education will not; the world is full of educated derelicts. Persistence and determination are alone omnipotent. The slogan "Press On" has solved and always will solve the problems of the human race.
     -- Calvin Coolidge

It is not the critic who counts; not the man who points out how the strong man stumbles, or where the doer of deeds could have done them better. The credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arena, whose face is marred by dust and sweat and blood, who strives valiantly; who errs and comes short again and again; because there is not effort without error and shortcomings; but who does actually strives to do the deed; who knows the great enthusiasm, the great devotion, who spends himself in a worthy cause, who at the best knows in the end the triumph of high achievement and who at the worst, if he fails, at least he fails while daring greatly. So that his place shall never be with those cold and timid souls who know neither victory nor defeat.
     -- Theodore Roosevelt

Success consists of going from failure to failure without loss of enthusiasm.
     -- Winston Churchill

I find that the harder I work, the more luck I seem to have.
     -- Thomas Jefferson

Be always displeased at what thou art, if thou desire to attain to what thou art not; for where thou hast pleased thyself, there thou abidest.
     -- Francis Quarles

General

A smooth sea never made a skillful mariner, neither do uninterrupted prosperity and success qualify for usefulness and happiness. The storms of adversity, like those of the ocean, rouse the faculties, and excite the invention, prudence, skill and fortitude of the voyager. The martyrs of ancient times, in bracing their minds to outward calamities, acquired a loftiness of purpose and a moral heroism worth a lifetime of softness and security.
     -- unknown

When one door closes another door opens; but we so often look so long and so regretfully upon the closed door, that we do not see the ones which open for us.
     -- Alexander Graham Bell

Be like a bird, that halting in her flight alights
   Awhile on boughs too slight.
Feels them give way beneath her, and yet sings,
   Knowing that she hath wings.
     -- Victor Hugo

To accuse others for one's own misfortunes is a sign of want of education. To accuse oneself shows that one's education has begun. To accuse neither oneself nor others shows that one's education is complete.
     -- Epictetus

The highest reward for man's toil is not what he gets for it, but what he becomes by it.
     -- John Ruskin

When you learn to let go of problems instead of resisting with all your might, your life will begin to flow. Change the things that can be changed, accept those that cannot, and have the wisdom to know the difference.
     -- Zen Buddhist text

The Master in the art of living makes little distinction between his work and his play, his labor and his leisure, his mind and his body, his education and his recreation, his love and his religion. He hardly knows which is which. He simply pursues his vision of excellence in whatever he does, leaving others to decide whether he is working or playing. To him he is always doing both.
     -- Zen Buddhist text

No one imagines that a symphony is supposed to improve in quality as it goes along, or that the whole object of playing it is to reach the finale. The point of music is discovered in every moment of playing and listening to it. It is the same, I feel, with the greater part of our lives, and if we are unduly absorbed in improving them we may forget altogether to live them.
     -- Alan Watts

Great minds are like eagles, and build their nest in some lofty solitude.
     -- Arthur Schopenauer

It is easy in the world to live after the world's opinion; it is easy in solitude to live after our own; but the great man is he who in the midst of the crowd keeps with perfect sweetness the independence of solitude.
     -- Ralph Waldo Emerson

Who is wise? He who learns from everyone. Who is powerful? He who governs his passions. Who is rich? He who is content. Who is that? Nobody.
     -- Benjamin Franklin

The whole problem with the world is that fools and fanatics are always so certain of themselves, but wiser people so full of doubts.
     -- Bertrand Russell

Ignorance more frequently begets confidence than does knowledge: it is those who know little, and not those who know much, who positively assert that this or that problem will never be solved by science.
     -- Charles Darwin

The opposite of a correct statement is a false statement. But the opposite of a profound truth may well be another profound truth.
     -- Niels Bohr


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V. B. Balayoghan   (vbb@cs.utexas.edu)