1. What is an operating system?

2. List 5 things that an operating system does.

3. What does a bootstrap program do?

4. How are system calls handled?

5. Use a diagram to explain the Unix operating system structure.

6. What is a virtual machine?

7. What is a process?

8. Using a diagram explain the states of a process.

9. What is a Process Control Block and how is it used?

10. Explain the difference between I/O bound and CPU bound processes.

11. Give 3 criteria used by a CPU scheduler.

12. Explain the following scheduling schemes - Shortest Job First (SJF),
Priority Scheduling, Round Robin (RR).

13. What is a multilevel scheduling queue and how does it operate?

14. What is meant by dynamic linking?

15. Explain the three ways (First-fit, Best-fit, and Worst-fit) that
memory is dynamically allocated by the operating system.

16. What is fragmentation and how can we rectify it?

17. Explain the concept of paging.

18. List at least four attributes of a file.

19. Explain the difference between the following disk-scheduling algorithms -
SSTF, SCAN, C-SCAN, and C-LOOK.

20. What are some security measures taken by the operating system?

21. What is the difference between internal security and external security?

22. What is meant by symmetric encryption?

23. Explain how public and private keys work.

24. What is the difference between the kernel and shell in Unix?

25. Give the following commands in Unix:
a) list all the files in a directory
b) get complete information regarding a file
c) make a directory
d) change to a different directory
e) move up one directory
f) find out the current directory
g) make a copy of file1 to file2
h) rename file1 to file2
i) remove a file
j) remove a directory
h) clear the screen
i) join file1 and file2 into a new file called file3
j) display the contents of a file

26. Given a diagram of the motherboard used in the lab you should be able
    to identify the components on the motherboard.

27. How do share a file on Windows XP?

28. Draw a figure and explain the terms track, sector, and cylinder on a
    hard drive.

29. Show pictorially how logical drives (like C,D) are delineated on a
    physical hard drive.

30. How is an analog sound wave represented digitally?