Biology Questions - CPL Form

	Bio: Question 7.2
	Question: "Choose the statement that correctly characterizes bound ribosomes." CPL Form: Which of the following statement is true?
	Choice A: "Bound ribosomes are enclosed in their own membrane." CPL Form: A bound ribosome is inside a membrane. The membrane is part of the bound ribosome
	Choice B: "Bound ribosomes are structurally different from free ribosomes." CPL Form: A bound ribosome has a shape. A free ribosome has a 2nd shape. The first shape is different than the second shape. Issue: CPL does not know how to map "is different than". Part of the problem is we don't have a is-different-than slot in our CLib.
	Choice C: "Bound ribosomes generally synthesize membrane proteins and secretory proteins." CPL Form: A bound ribosome produces a protein. The bound ribosome produces a 2nd protein. The first protein is added to a membrane. The second protein is secreted.
	Choice D: "The most common location for bound ribosomes is the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane." CPL Form: A bound ribosome is at some cytoplasmic surface. The cytoplasmic surface is region of a plasma membrane. Issue: CPL does not properly map "is at" to the slot is-at.
	Choice E: "Bound ribosomes are concentrated in the cisternal space of rough ER." CPL Form: A cisternal space is region of a rough ER. Many bound ribosomes are at the cisternal space. Issue: This CPL formulation may not be faithful. This is due to our inability to represent "X is concentrated at Y". Also, CPL does not properly map "are at" to is-at.

	Bio: Question 7.4
	Question: Cells of the pancreas will incorporate radioactively labeled amino acids into proteins. This "tagging" of newly synthesized proteins enables a researcher to track the location of these proteins in a cell. In this case, we are tracking an enzyme that is eventually secreted by pancreatic cells. Which of the following is the most likely pathway for movement of this protein in the cell. CPL Form: A cell is part of a pancreas. The cell produces a protein. The protein incorporates a amino acid. The amino acid conveys the location of the protein. Which of the following statement is true?
	Choice A: ER -> Golgi -> nucleus CPL Form: The protein moves from a endoplasmic reticulum to a golgi apparatus. The protein moves from the golgi apparatus to a nucleus.
	Choice B: Golgi -> ER -> lysosome CPL Form: The protein moves from a golgi apparatus to a endoplasmic reticulum. The protein moves from the endoplasmic reticulum to a lysosome.
	Choice C: nucleus -> ER -> Golgi CPL Form: The protein moves from a nucleus to a endoplasmic reticulum. The protein moves from the endoplasmic reticulum to a golgi apparatus.
	Choice D: ER -> Golgi -> vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane CPL Form: The protein moves from a endoplasmic reticulum to a golgi apparatus. The protein moves from the golgi apparatus to a vesicle. The vesicle attaches with a plasma membrane.
	Choice E: ER -> lysosomes -> vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane CPL Form: The protein moves from a endoplasmic reticulum to a lysosome. The protein moves from the lysosome to a vesicle. The vesicle attaches with a plasma membrane.

Bio: Question 7.16

Sentence: "what instances of organelles convert energy?"

English paraphase of the system's interpretation:
During the converting event:
Converting has the energy as its object.
Converting has the instance as its agent.
The instance is a subtype of the organelles.
The instance count .

Logical Form:

	    ( Q-WH 	    
	      ( (VAR _X2 NIL "organelles") 
	        (WH-VAR _X1 "what" (PLUR "instance") (PP "of" _X2)) 
	        (VAR _X3 NIL "energy") ) 
	      (S (PRESENT) _X1 "convert" _X3) 
	    )

Issues: CPL does not identify the instance queried for, in this case the instances of Organelles.

Bio: Question 13.6

Question: How many different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes can be packaged in gametes made by an organism with a diploid number of 8 (2n = 8)?

CPL Form: The diploid number of an organism is 8. The organism makes a gamete. The gamete has part a chromosome. The gamete has part a 2nd chromosome. The possible combination of the first chromosome and the second chromosome are:
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 8 (d) 16 (e) 32?

Bio: Question 17.15

Question: Once polypeptide synthesis starts, what are the three main steps by which it grows (elongates)?

CPL Form: A polypeptide synthesis causes an elongation. What is the first step of the elongation? What is the second step of the elongation? What is the third step of the elongation?

	Bio: Question G4.3
	CPL formulation of Question G4.3